Neural Development and Repair Flashcards
Blastocyst
Fuid filled cluster of 50-60 eggs implanted into the uterus.
The cluster of cells is split into 2 parts…
Half attaches to the uterine wall (becomes the placenta) and other half becomes the embryo
An embryo starts as a flat disk that contains 3 layers. These are…
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
Ectoderm becomes…
Nervous system and skin (develops into brain)
Mesoderm becomes…
Muscle, skeleton, connective tissue, circulatory, lymphatic, respiratory, genitourinary system
Endoderm becomes…
Internal organs
Ectoderm is the neural plate. It forms the neural tube by…
Folding and forming a neural groove. It is pinched off to form the neural crest.
Somites become…
Spinal vertebrae
Neural crest becomes…
Peripheral nervous system (PNS, somatic, autonomic)
Neural Tube becomes…
CNS, brain, spinal cord
Brain develops by…
Differentiation
Differentiation involves…
Enlarging 3 parts of neural tube to become 3 primary vesicles. These become secondary vesicles
Medullary pyramids are…
Bundles of axons that carry descending info to spinal cord (corticospinal tract-connects cortex to spinal cord)
Tectum and Tegmentum surround…
The cerebral aqueduct (fluid filled cavity connecting 3rd and 4th ventricles
Astrocytes…
Control blood flow
Remove waste material
Synchronise activity of functionally related axons
Microglia…
Remove waste material and viruses, fungi (like immune system)
Radial glia…
Guide migration of neurons and axons and dendrites during embryo development
Schwann cell and oligodendrocytes…
Builds myelin sheath
Pyramidal neurons are located…
in cerebral cortex
Thalamic neuron found in…
Thalamus
Determination–Cells in ectoderm are influenced by…
Molecules released from mesoderm cells. After, they develop into neurons, glia or some others
Cell proliferation–
Cells divide DNA in nucleus copies, nature of cell determined here
Cell Migration–
Cells migrate to destination using radial glial cells (filaments/fibres)
Cell Differentiation–
Is determined by previous events and this is their final form
