Networks

Question 1

What happens if a bus topology hasn’t got a terminator?

Answer 1

The network becomes unusable

Question 2

What should be considered when comparing topologies?

Answer 2

Speed
Reliability (in breakages)
Expandability
Cost
Ease of set up

Question 3

Give three benefits of using layers when working with network protocols

Answer 3

1. Break network communication into manageable pieces
2. Allow developers to focus on one area of the network
3. Establish set rules for each layer

Question 4

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model?

Answer 4

Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access

Question 5

What’s the purpose of the application layer?

Answer 5

Provides services to applications. FTP, HTTP, SMTP, POP, IMAP

Question 6

What’s the purpose of the transport layer?

Answer 6

Divides data into packets. Checks data has been received and notifes sender that data has been received. TCP, UDP

Question 7

What’s the purpose of the internet layer?

Answer 7

Adds the source and destination IP addresses to packets and routes it to recipient. IP

Question 8

What’s the purpose of the network access layer?

Answer 8

Ensures correct transmission of data through the local network. Ethernet, Wi-Fi.

Question 9

Compare IMAP, POP and SMTP

Answer 9

SMTP provides rules for sending emails.
POP downloads emails from a mail server.
IMAP allows a user to read and store emails on a message server without downloading them.

Question 10

What is meant by a packet?

Answer 10

A unit of data sent over a packet-switching network that contains data and meta-data

Question 11

Why is packet switching useful for busy networks?

Answer 11

Packets will independentely take the fastest available routes which allows for high transmission speeds

Question 12

Compare UDP and TCP

Answer 12

UDP has no error-checking and no delivery guarantee. TCP ensures every packet is delivered.

Question 13

Compare 3 characteristics of LANs and WANs

Answer 13

• small vs big
• owned vs hired
• managed locally vs managed by several parties cooperating

Question 14

Give 2 reasons why networks are used

Answer 14

• Share resources e.g. printers

- Share files

Question 15

What’s bandwidth?

Answer 15

The amount of data that can be transmitted per second

Question 16

How does a client-server network work?*

Answer 16

File servers control access and manage network. Client workstations allow users to run apps and access server and resources.

Servers allocte login names and passwords.

Files are held on the servers.

Question 17

How does a peer-to-peer network work?*

Answer 17

Each client can act as a server. Other clients can share programs, data and resources.

Security is distributed and data is stored on each client.

Backups are not central.

Question 18

What’s the purpose of an NIC?

Answer 18

Required for a computer to connect to a network. Formats the data sent and received by the computer. [Often built on chips on motherboard.]

Question 19

What’s the purpose of a MAC address?

Answer 19

One for each NIC. Ensures data is directed to the correct computer.

Question 20

What do routers do?

Answer 20

• Connect different networks together
• Read address information in packets they receive and forward them on to the correct network
• Store information about IP addresses