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GCSE Computer Science > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a network?

A

An arrangement of computers and other devices connected together to share resources and data

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2
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

local area network

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3
Q

What are 3 characteristics of LAN?

A
  • A network that covers a relatively small geographical area
  • owned by the organization that uses it
  • managed by a local manager or a team on that site
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4
Q

Give 3 examples of where LAN is used

A

1) Home
2) Hospital
3) Factory

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5
Q

What does WLAN stand for?

A

wireless local area network

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6
Q

What is WLAN?

A

like a LAN but wireless, all connects to a router

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7
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

wide area network

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8
Q

What are 3 characteristics WAN?

A
  • it covers a wide geographical area by connecting two or more LANs
  • computers in a WAN can connect with computers and users in other locations
  • managed by several different people or parts of an organization working together
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9
Q

What is the largest WAN?

A

the internet

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10
Q

What is a client-server network?

A

A network that has at least one server to provide services to the client computers

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11
Q

What is are 3 characteristics of a peer-to-peer network?

A
  • doesn’t have a centralized server
  • all computers are equal and communicate with each other directly without having to go through a server
  • each user can give other users access to their computer and their programs and to any other device connected to them
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12
Q

What is a network topology?

A

how the devices on a network are connected to each other

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13
Q

What is a BUS TOPOLOGY?

A

A bus network consists of a single cable which each workstation is connected

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14
Q

Name 2 advantages of bus topology

A

1) cheap to install and set up

2) easy to add new devices

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15
Q

Name 2 disadvantages of bus topology

A

1) if the main cable fails, the whole network will fail

2) lots of data collisions if two or more devices transmit at the same time (lower data transmission speeds)

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16
Q

What is a RING TOPOLOGY?

A

Cable connects one network device to connect another in a closed ring

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17
Q

Name 2 advantages of ring topology

A

1) no collisions because of the use of the token system

2) data transmission is simple as data only travels in one direction

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18
Q

Name 2 disadvantages of ring topology

A

1) slow transmission speeds, as data must pass through each computer before arriving to the destination
2) if the cable breaks then there will be no data transmission

19
Q

What is a STAR TOPOLOGY?

A

each workstation is connected to a central point

20
Q

Name 2 advantages of star topology

A

1) A damaged cable will not stop the whole network

2) Easy to locate faults

21
Q

Name 2 disadvantages of star topology

A

1) If the hub fails, the whole network fails

2) Expensive to install

22
Q

What are 2 advantages of connecting computer to form a network?

A
  • The users can share resources

- files can be shared along a network allowing users to work collaboratively

23
Q

What are the benefits of a peer-to-peer network on a small company?

A
  • expensive server and network operating systems are not required, so it is cheaper
  • specialist staff are not needed to administer and maintain the network, so it is a lot cheaper
  • requires less specialist knowledge to set up
24
Q

What are the benefits of a client-server network on a large company?

A
  • all data can be saved on a file server, so it can all be backed up at the same time without having to back up the data on each computer seperately
  • network security is stronger as access to file servers are controlled using logins and passwords
25
Q

What is the range of frequencies commonly used for data transmissions in wireless networks?

A

2.4-5 GHz

26
Q

What is meant by a channel?

A

each frequency range is divided into separate channels

27
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

Amount of data that can be transmitted per second (measured in bps)

28
Q

What is the bandwidth of a cable network?

A

10 Gbps

29
Q

What is the bandwidth of a wireless network?

A

600 Mbps

30
Q

What is the role of network interface controllers in connecting devices to computer networks?

A
  • formats data so that it can be transmitted and received across a network
  • NICs are often built on chips on the computer motherboard
31
Q

What does the MAC address do?

A

ensures that data is directed to the correct computer

32
Q

What are hubs and switches used for?

A

-used to link computers so that they can communicate with each other once they have connected to the network using the NIC

33
Q

What do routers do?

A
  • connect different networks together
  • read address information and forward the messages to the correct network
  • transfers data between home network and the internet
34
Q

Why are switches better than hubs?

A
  • switches read the destination addresses of the messages and relay them to only the intended recipient
  • this reduces network traffic
35
Q

Why is data split into packets?

A

Data is split into packets so that higher bandwidth isn’t needed for larger files

36
Q

What are 3 components that a packet consists of?

A
  • header
  • body
  • footer
37
Q

What does the header component do?

A
  • contain the source and destination address

- checks how many packets the data has been split into

38
Q

What does the body component do?

A

contains some of the data of a file

39
Q

What does the footer component do?

A

the footer informs the receiving device that this is the end of the packet

40
Q

What is a checksum?

A

an error detection technique

41
Q

What is flow control?

A

allowing the receiving computer to tell the sending computer to slow down transmission, so the receiving computer has time to process the received data

42
Q

How are devices connected on a wireless network?

A
  • radio waves connect devices on a wireless network
  • each device has an adapter that sends and receives radio signals
  • a router broadcasts a signal that devices can detect and ‘tune’ into.
43
Q

what are 4 fields in a network packet

A
  • source
  • destination
  • sequence number
  • packet length

GCSE Computer Science (14 decks)

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