Networks

Question 1

Local area network (LAN)

Answer 1

LANs used in a small geographical area and owned by individual organisations. Allows hardware and documents be shared easier

Question 2

Wide area network (WAN)

Answer 2

WANs connects together LANs across large geographical areas and are managed by separate companies

Question 3

Network interface controller (NIC)

Answer 3

Internal hardware that allows a device to connect to a network

Question 4

Switches

Answer 4

Connect devices together on LAN by transmitting data to the correct device with its MAC address

Question 5

Routers

Answer 5

Transmit data between networks - used to connect LANS to WLANs

Question 6

Ethernet (Wired) networks

Answer 6

Fast and reliable using CAT 5e and CAT6 cables, Coaxial cables and fibre optic cables

Question 7

Wireless Networks

Answer 7

Use radio waves to transmit data

Question 8

Bluetooth

Answer 8

Direct connection between two devices

Question 9

WiFi

Answer 9

Used by multiple devices to connect to a LAN

Question 10

Wireless access point (WAP)

Answer 10

A switch that allows devices to connect to a wireless network

Question 11

Bandwidth

Answer 11

The amount of data that can be transferred in a given time - shared between devices on a network

Question 12

Client server networks

Answer 12

Managed by a central server with clients (devices) attached do it individually

Question 13

Server

Answer 13

Data is stored centrally and able to perform backups and such easier but is expensive and requires a specialist for maintenance

Question 14

Peer to peer networks

Answer 14

All devices are connected to each other directly - easy to maintain but hard to manage files

Question 15

Star topology

Answer 15

All devices are connected to a central switch or server

Question 16

Mesh topology

Answer 16

All devices are connected directly to each other

Question 17

Protocols

Answer 17

Set of rules devices on a network must follow

Question 18

MAC address

Answer 18

Unique code to identify any device on a network (Mainly LANs)

Question 19

IP Addresses

Answer 19

Used to identify devices when sending data over larger networks (TCP/IP)

Question 20

TCP/IP

Answer 20

Dictates how data is sent between networks. TCP connects devices to a network and breaks down and reassemble data packets to be sent. IP directs that data to the correct destination

Question 21

HTTP (Hyper text transfer protocol)

Answer 21

Used by web browsers to access websites and communicate with web servers

Question 22

HTTPS (HTTP Secure)

Answer 22

A more secure version of HTTP that encrypts all information sent and received

Question 23

FTP (File transfer protocol)

Answer 23

Used to access, edit and move files between devices on a network

Question 24

POP3 (Post office protocol 3)

Answer 24

Used to retrieve emails from a server. The server holds the email until you download it and then it is deleted

Question 25

IMAP (Internet message access protocol)

Answer 25

Used to retrieve emails from a server. The server holds the email until you delete it and then it is deleted

Question 26

SMTP (Simple mail transfer protocol)

Answer 26

Used to send emails

Question 27

Network protocol layer 1

Answer 27

Passing data over the physical network

Question 28

Network protocol layer 2

Answer 28

Making connections between networks and directing data

Question 29

Network protocol layer 3

Answer 29

Splitting data into packets and checking data is sent and delivered

Question 30

Network protocol layer 4

Answer 30

Turning data into websites and vice versa

Question 31

Cloud storage

Answer 31

The internet is used to store files and applications

Question 32

Hosting

Answer 32

When a business uses its servers to store files of a different organisation

Question 33

Passive attack

Answer 33

Where someone monitors data travelling through a network and intercepts any sensitive information found

Question 34

Active attack

Answer 34

When someone uses malware to attack a netowkr

Question 35

Insider attack

Answer 35

Where someone within a company exploits their network access to steal information

Question 36

Brute force attack

Answer 36

Active attack used to gain information by cracking passwords with trial and error

Question 37

Denial of service attack

Answer 37

Where a hacker tries to stop users from accessing a part of a network or website

Question 38

White hat hackers

Answer 38

Work to fix and maintain the security of a system with penetration tests and fire walls

Question 39

Black hat hackers

Answer 39

Work to gain access to a system in order to personally profit from it