Networkk Layer Flashcards
IP addresses
belong to the networks, not the devices attached to those networks. So your laptop will always have the same MAC address no matter where you use it. But it’ll have a different IP address assigned to it at an Internet cafe than it would when you’re at home
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
emember that on many modern networks, you can connect a new device. And an IP address will be assigned to it automatically
static IP address
An IP address assigned this way is known as a dynamic IP address.
static IP address,
The opposite of this, which must be configured on a node, manually
Dynamic vs static
n most cases, static IP addresses are reserved for servers and network devices, while dynamic IP addresses are reserved for clients. But there are certainly situations where this might not be true.
IP datagram
Under the IP protocol (network layer). Just like any Ethernet frame, an IP datagram is a highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined. The two primary sections of an IP datagram are the header and the payload.The most common version of IP is version four or IPv4. Version six or IPv6, is rapidly seeing more widespread adoption
fragmentation offset field
contains values used by the receiving end to take all the parts of a fragmented packet and put them back together in the correct order
The Time to Live or TTL field.
This field is an 8-bit field that indicates how many router hops a datagram can traverse before it’s thrown away.
checksum field.
we finally get to two very important fields, the source and destination IP address fields
padding field
a series of zeros used to ensure the header is the correct total size
dotted decimal notation
IP addresses are 32-bit long numbers made up of 4 octets, and each octet is normally described in decimal numbers. 8 bits of data, or a single octet, can represent all decimal numbers from 0 to 255. For example, 12.34.56.78 is a valid IP address. But 123.456.789.100 would not be, because it has numbers larger than could be represented by 8 bits.
Address Resolution Protocol or ARP
ARP is a protocol used to discover the hardware address of a node with a certain IP addressOnce an IP datagram has been fully formed, it needs to be encapsulated inside an Ethernet frame.
ARP table
In ARP table is just a list of IP addresses and the MAC addresses associated with them
ARP response
his response message will contain the MAC address for the network interface in question.
which are used to identify networks
network IDs
which are used to identify individual hosts
host IDs,
