Networking 2.1

Question 1

FTP meaning and port number

Answer 1

• File Transfer Protocol
• File exchange
• Authenticates with a username and password
• Full featured functionality (list, add, delete, etc.)
• TCP/20
• TCP/21

Question 2

SSH meaning and port number

Answer 2

• Secure Shell
• Encrypted communication link that allows remote logins
• A user can connect to a server to transfer information in a more secure manner than other methods
• TCP/22

Question 3

Telnet meaning and port number

Answer 3

• Telecommunication Network
• A terminal emulation that enables a user to connect to a remote host or device using a telnet client.
• Unencrypted, data is transmitted in clear text
• SSH is similar but SSH is encrypted
• TCP/23

Question 4

SMTP meaning and port number

Answer 4

• Sending email messages from a client device
• Sending email messages between mail servers
• TCP/25

Question 5

DNS meaning and port number

Answer 5

• Domain Name System
• Converts names to IP addresses
• UDP/53

Question 6

HTTP meaning and port number

Answer 6

• Enables users to retrieve the contents of an Internet page from a web server
• TCP/80

Question 7

POP3 meaning and port number

Answer 7

• Post Office Protocol Version 3
• Email retrieval
• TCP/110

Question 8

IMAP4 meaning and port number

Answer 8

• Internet Message Access Protocol v4
• Retrieving email messages from a mail server
• Includes management of email inbox from multiple clients
• Port 143

Question 9

HTTPS meaning and port number

Answer 9

• Network protocol that secures web traffic via SSL/TLS encryption
• HTTP but secure
• TCP/443

Question 10

RDP meaning and port number

Answer 10

• Remote Desktop Protocol
• Share a desktop or application from a remote location
• Microsoft-proprietary remote-access protocol providing users with a graphical interface that allows them to connect to another computer on a network
• TCP/3389

Question 11

NetBIOS/NetBT meanings and port numbers

Answer 11

• NetBIOS is a file sharing network protocol
• Allows computers and applications to communicate with network hardware, and allows data to transmit properly over a network
• Older systems use this, newer systems use SMB
• NetBT protocol is to allow NetBIOS services to be used over TCP/IP networks
• UDP/137/138/139

Question 12

SMB/CIFS meanings and port numbers

Answer 12

• Server Message Block
• Common Internet File System
• Common network communications method used on Microsoft operating systems allowing those computers to communicate with other SMB computers. AKA File sharing, printer sharing, etc.
• File sharing over IP between computers that use it
• Like NetBIOS but modern and better
• TCP/445

Question 13

SLP meaning and port number

Answer 13

• Service Location Protocol
• It allows clients to locate servers and other services on the network.
• TCP/427
• UDP/427

Question 14

AFP meaning and port number

Answer 14

• Apple Filing Protocol
• File sharing between systems that use it.
• Used in Apple systems
• Works with SLP (Service Location Protocol)
• TCP/548

Question 15

DHCP meaning and port number

Answer 15

• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• A network protocol providing an alternative solution to the manual allocation of IP addresses
• Auto configs IP address, subnet mask and other options
• Dynamic, meaning IP addresses are assigned in real-time from a pool
• Each system is given a lease and must renew at set intervals
• Can reserve IP addresses by using MAC address in the DHCP server
• Quickly manage addresses from one location
• UDP/67/68

Question 16

LDAP meaning and port number

Answer 16

• Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
• Store and retrieve information in a network directory
• Commonly used in Microsoft Active Directory
• TCP/389

Question 17

SNMP meaning and port number

Answer 17

• Simple Network Management Protocol
• Gather stats from network devices
• SNMP examines and changes configuration parameters of LAN and WAN connected repeaters, bridges, routers, switches, and other devices connected to a network.
• UDP/161/162

Question 18

Differences between TCP and UDP

Answer 18

TCP - Transmission Control Protocol (

		- Reliable delivery, there are possesses to make sure things go through the network with little problems.
		- "Flow Control" When data is received, the sender is notified so the amount of data sent is managed. If data isnt received the sender is notified and it resends.

UDP - User Datagram Protocol (Connectionless, this means no “call” is made. Data is sent with no hellos or goodbyes)

		- Unreliable delivery meaning no error recovery and no acknowledgement is sent back from the receiver.
		- No "Flow Control" The sender determines the amount of data transmitted.