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Computer Networks TCP/IP > Network Terms > Flashcards

Network Terms Flashcards

Understand computer network terminology

1
Q

1000baseCx (copper) Ethernet Standard

A

Uses copper coaxial cable called twinax. 25 meters between switch and nodes.

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2
Q

1000baseLx Ethernet Standard

A

Uses Fiber optic single-mode cable. Maximum of 5 kilometers between switch and node.

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3
Q

1000baseSx Ethernet Standard

A

Uses Fiber optic multi-mode cable. Maximum of 500 meters between switch and node.

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4
Q

1000baseT (copper) Ethernet Standard

A

Uses UTP cable, minimum CAT5e, but today we use CAT6. Standard 100 meters between hub and nodes

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5
Q

100BaseFx Ethernet Standard

A

Uses Fiber Optic multi-mode cable. Speed of 100mb/second. Max of 1024 nodes per hub/switch. Max of 2 kilometers between the hub/switch and each node. Full duplex

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6
Q

100BaseTx (copper) Ethernet Standard

A

Uses UTP Cat5e cable. 100mb/second speed. Max of 1024 nodes per hub/switch. Max of 100 meters between the hub/switch and each node. Full duplex. 100BaseT is the same as 100BaseTx.

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7
Q

10base2 Segmented Ethernet

A

Old type of Ethernet from before the invention of hubs. Uses BNC connectors. On each NIC, use a T-connector first, then connect BNC. Required daisy-chaining of nodes. Max 200 meter segment, though really only 185 meters. Requires terminating resistors at each end of the segment (on t-connector of the NICs at either end). Could support up to 30 devices. Uses CSMA/CD (half-duplex)

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8
Q

10base5 Segmented Ethernet

A

Obsolete type of Ethernet from before the invention of hubs. Runs at 10MB/second. Can only be one segment with max length of 500 metres. Uses transceivers, vampire connections, CSMA/CD (half-duplex)

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9
Q

10baseT Segmented Ethernet

A

The basis of our modern Ethernet networks, featuring a bus-in-a-box called a hub. Developed to compete with IBM’s Token Ring. Max 100 meters between hub/switch and nodes. Instead of expensive coaxial cabling, uses unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Cat3 or better. Maximum of 1024 nodes per hub/switch. CSMA/CD (half duplex)

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10
Q

10GbaseER Ethernet or 10GbaseEW SONET

A

Uses 1550 nanometer single-mode fiber optic cable. 40 kilometers between switch and nodes. (1550 is the light wave-length) (ER extended range)

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11
Q

10GbaseLR Ethernet or 10GbaseLW SONET

A

Uses 1310 nanometer single-mode fiber optic cable. (1310 is the light wave-length) 10 kilometers between switch and nodes. LR means Long Range

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12
Q

10GbaseSR Ethernet or 10GbaseSW SONET

A

Uses Fiber Optic multi-mode cable. Varies from 26 meters to 400 meters depending on cable type (light wave-length capacity)

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13
Q

10GbaseT Ethernet Standard

A

Intended for UTP Cat6 (limited to 55 meters), but today we use CAT6a (standard 100 meters).

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14
Q

Backbone

A

High-speed switches connecting secondary switches

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15
Q

Bridge Loop

A

Incorrectly connecting switches to form a loop. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) fixes these by turning off ports

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16
Q

Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection

A

Required on Segmented Ethernet networks. Carrier Sense means hosts listen for no “talk” before they “talk.” Upon collision, NICs generate a random number, then wait that long in mili-seconds before re-transmitting. Half duplex.

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17
Q

Client

A

PC that requests services from other devices

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18
Q

Cross-over Cable

A

Used to connect 2 switches, without using the “uplink” feature. Wiring is the opposite at each end. Plug either end into any port

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19
Q

Ethernet

A

The set of standards developed by IEEE, in Feb 1980, delineating the designs for network components, called IEEE 802.3. Describes cable designs, frame designs, connector designs, protocols (?), etc. Cable nomenclature is 10BASE5 or 10Broad5, etc.

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20
Q

Ethernet Frame

A

From IEEE 802.3 network standards. Max 1500 bytes. Contains MAC address?

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21
Q

Ethernet Hub

A

Multiport repeater. Connectivity device that allows hosts to connect to resources on a network. Layer 1

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22
Q

Ethernet Standard Nomenclature

A

Example: 10GbaseT BASE means one channel, BROAD means multiple channels. 1st # is speed in MB/Second. Last # is max cable length in Meters (mostly obsolete) Ending in T means it uses unshielded Twisted Pair cable. Others are 100base, 1000base and 1Gbase

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23
Q

Full Duplex Mode

A

Simultaneous sending and receiving

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24
Q

Gigabit Ethernet

A

Developed in 1990s. 1000baseXX 1GB/second speed

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25
Q

Half Duplex Mode

A

Can only send or receive not both at the same time. Uses CSMA/CD

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26
Q

Host

A

Network devices, including workstations and servers, with IP addresses

27
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Used via port 80 for browser/web

28
Q

Internet

A

A public internetwork connecting many public and private networks

29
Q

Internetwork

A

LAN and/or WAN connecting multiple networks (intranets), such as the Internet

30
Q

Local Area Network (LAN)

A

Network that spans a particular geographic location such as an office building, a single department in a corporate office, or even a home office

31
Q

MAC Address

A

Media Access Control address. Firmware on the ROM chip contains this unique identifier with a 48-bit value.

32
Q

Multilayer Switch

A

A switch that provides Layer 3 (routing) functions. (See also SWITCH)

33
Q

Network

A

2 or more connected computers that can share resources, such as data, office machines, an internet connection, etc. (See also LAN, WAN)

34
Q

NIC

A

Network Interface Card that connects PC to network. Layer 1 or Layer 2. Unique MAC address

35
Q

OSI Model

A

?

36
Q

Router

A

Device that connects LAN/WANs together. Layer 3

37
Q

Segmented Ethernet

A

Older type of Ethernet network. No switches or hubs. Just 1 long bus usually in ceiling. Connect PCs on drops using Transceivers and drops, or daisy-chains. Uses CSMA/CD.

38
Q

Server

A

Powerful, highly specialized computers that serve many client machines. Run a network operating system to maintain & control the network

39
Q

Server, Application

A

Powerful computer running a network operating system. Manages network applications

40
Q

Server, Fax

A

Sends and receives paper-less faxes over the network

41
Q

Server, File

A

Stores and dispenses files

42
Q

Server, Mail

A

Handles email functions

43
Q

Server, Print

A

Manages printers on the network

44
Q

Server, Proxy

A

Handles tasks in place of other machines on the network, particularly an Internet connection

45
Q

Server, Telephony

A

Handles the call center and call routing

46
Q

Server, web

A

Manages web-based activities by running HTTP for storing web content and accessing we pages

47
Q

SONET

A

Non-Ethernet technology used in tier 1 applications such as the internet backbone

48
Q

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

A

Used by switches to recognize and stop bridge loops by turning off ports

49
Q

Straight-thru Cable

A

Same wiring on both ends

50
Q

Switch

A

Connectivity devices that allows hosts to connect to resources on a network. Layer 1

51
Q

TCP Network Model

A

?

52
Q

Terminating Resistor

A

Required for 10BASE2 ethernet cabling, at each end of cable segment.

53
Q

Token Ring

A

Network type. Competitor to Ethernet by IBM from late 1980s. Host or cable failures no longer crashed whole network. Expensive, proprietary, but ROBUST. Connect computers to MSAU (Multi Station Access Unit)

54
Q

Topology

A

A type of map. Can be logical or physical

55
Q

Topology Types

A

Physical: Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, Hybrid, point-to-point, point-to-multipoint

56
Q

Topology, Bus

A

Advantages: Disadvantages:

57
Q

Transciever

A

Used on 10BASE5 ethernet bus to drop down to each node

58
Q

Twinax Cable

A

Copper-based coaxial cable used with 1000baseCX

59
Q

Uplink Port

A

Port on a switch that is wired crossed, so it can connect 2 switches without needing a crossover cable, which are mostly obsolete now

60
Q

UTP Cable

A

Unshielded twisted pair cable.

61
Q

Wide Area Network

A

Network that employs both routers and public links to span large geographic areas

62
Q

Workgroup

A

A set of devices with no security association with one another (as compared to a Domain). Or a logical device group used to make administration easier, often separate LANs

63
Q

Workstation

A

Powerful PC whose resources are available to other machines

Computer Networks TCP/IP (2 decks)

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