Network Protocols

Question 1

TCI/IP

Answer 1

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

• Fundamental protocol suite for internet communication
• Divided into layers:
  Application
  Transport
  Internet
  Network Interface
• Provides reliable data delivery and routing across networks.
• Key protocols: HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, DNS

Question 2

HTTP/ HTTPS

Answer 2

Hypertext Transfer Protocol/ Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secured

• Used for transmitting hypertext over the internet.
• HTTP is unencrypted; HTTPS adds SSL/TLS encryption.
  -HTTP: Port 80; HTTPS: Port 443

Question 3

FTP/ SFTP

Answer 3

File Transfer Protocol/ Secure FTP

• Used for transferring files over a network.
• FTP is unencrypted; SFTP adds SSH-based encryption
• FTP: Port 21; SFTP: Port 22

Question 4

SMTP

Answer 4

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

• Used for sending emails from client to server or between servers.
• Unencrypted: Port 25; Encrypted: Port 587

Question 5

POP3

Answer 5

Post Office Protocol version 3

• Retrieves emails from mail server to a client device
• Unencrypted: Port 110; Encrypted: Port 995

Question 6

IMAP

Answer 6

Internet Message Access Protocol

• Accesses and manages emails stored on a mail server from multiple devices.
• Unencrypted: Port 143; Encrypted; Port 993

Question 7

DHCP

Answer 7

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

• Automatically assigns IP addresses and network configuration to devices.
• Simplifies network management by automating IP allocation.
• Server: Port 67; Client: Port 68

Question 8

ICMP

Answer 8

Internet Control Message Protocol

• Used for sending error messages and operational information
• Supports error reporting, network diagnostics, and network testing
• Part of IP layer

Question 9

SNMP

Answer 9

Simple Network Management Protocol

• Manages and monitors network devices
• Collects and organizes information from network deices.
• Version 2 and 3 provide enhanced security

Question 10

SSH

Answer 10

Secure Shell

• Provides secure remote access to devices over a network
• Encrypts the communication between client and server
• Port: 22

Question 11

Telnet

Answer 11

• Provides remote access to devices over a network
• Unencrypted, not secure.
• Port: 23

Question 12

ARP

Answer 12

Address Resolution Protocol

• Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses
• Used to determine the MAC address of a device on the local network.