Firewalls

Question 1

Firewall

Answer 1

• A security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic
• Acts as a barrier between trusted and untrusted networks, enforcing security policies

Question 2

Network Firewall

Answer 2

• Protects an entire network by controlling traffic between internal and external networks
• Can be hardware-based (appliance) or software-based

Question 3

Host-Based Firewall

Answer 3

• Installed on individual devices (hosts) to control traffic to and from that specific device.
• Provides an additional layer of protection alongside network firewalls

Question 4

Packet-Filtering Firewall

Answer 4

• Examines packets of data and allows or denies them based on predetermined rules.
• Filters based on source/destination IP addresses, port numbers, and protocol types

Question 5

Stateful Firewall

Answer 5

• Keeps track of the state of active connections
• Allows incoming traffic only if it matches an established outgoing connection

Question 6

Application Layer Firewall

Answer 6

• Operates at the application layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model
• Can analyze and control traffic based on specific applications or services

Question 7

Proxy Firewall

Answer 7

• Acts as an intermediary between clients and servers
• Enhances security and provides anonymity by masking the clients IP address

Question 8

Unified Threat Management (UTM) firewall

Answer 8

• Combines various security features in a single appliance
• Includes firewall, intrusion detection/ prevention, antivirus, content filtering, etc.

Question 9

Intrusion Detection System

Answer 9

• Monitors and actively blocks or prevents malicious activities in real-time
• Goes beyond detection and also takes action to stop threats

Question 10

Access Control Lists

Answer 10

• Rules that define what traffic is allowed or denied by the firewall
• Based on source/destination IP addresses, port numbers, and protocol types

Question 11

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

Answer 11

• A separate network segment that provides a buffer between the internal network and external networks
• Used to host public-facing services like web servers

Question 12

Network Address Translation

Answer 12

• Translates private IP addresses to a single public IP address
• Enhances security by hiding internal network addresses from the internet

Question 13

Virtual Private Network Firewall

Answer 13

• Provides secure remote access to the network over an encrypted tunnel
• protects data in transit and enables remote work