Network Models Flashcards
Models are used to
represent how networks function
The two most popular network models are
The OSI seven-layer model and the TCP/IP model
The OSI models seven layers are
1 - Physical 2- Data Link 3- Network 4- Transport 5- Session 6- Presentation 7- Application
The OSI Physical layer covers
Cables
The OSI data link layer covers
Anything that uses a MAC address such as network cards, switches, etc
The OSI network layer covers
Logical addresses such as IP addresses and things that use them like routers
The OSI transport layer covers
PACKETS- assembles and disassembles packets
The OSI session layer covers
The actual connection between two systems(TCP/IP, PC to web server, etc)
The OSI presentation layer covers
(Old) Converts data into a format that your applications can read
The OSI application layer covers
The parts of the applications we use that makes them “network aware” (API)
The TCP/IP network interface layer covers
Physical cabling, mac addresses, network cards, most hardware excluding routers
The TCP/IP internet layer covers
IP addresses, routers, etc
The TCP/IP transport layer covers
Packet assembly/disassembly, system connection TCP/UDP
The TCP/IP application layer covers
Equivalent to the OSI session, presentation, and application layers.
What do port numbers do?
They help direct packet traffic between the source and destination
What are sequence numbers and what are they associated with?
Sequence numbers are used by PACKETS to allow the network software to reassble the file correctly
Frames are a maximum of ____ in size
1500 BYTES
Frames are created and destroyed inside the ___
Network Interface Card (NIC)
A MAC address is?
a UNIQUE 48-bit indentifier assigned to each NIC
Frames have destination and source _____ addresses
MAC addresses
NICs use ___ addresses to decide whether or not to process a frame
MAC addresses
Unicast transmissions are addressed to?
a SINGLE DEVICE on a network
a broadcast transmission is?
sent to EVERY device in the broadcast domain
What does a broadcast address look like?
FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
What are OEM numbers?
the first 6 digits of a MAC address, that are assigned to the manufacturer of the NIC
Which digits are unique to each NIC?
The last 6 digits of the MAC address are unique to that specific physical NIC
What is the format for an IPv4 address?
0.0.0.0 First 3 sets are shared by all devices on a network last are identifying
what is the format of an IPv6 address?
0000:00000:0000::
A router does what?
connects multiple LAN networks
