Network Models Flashcards

Explain functions and application of various network devices.

1
Q

Layer 1

A

Physical

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2
Q

Layer 2

A

Data Link

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3
Q

Layer 3

A

Network

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4
Q

Layer 4

A

Transport

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5
Q

Layer 5

A

Session

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6
Q

Layer 6

A

Presentation

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7
Q

Layer 7

A

Apllication

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8
Q

Unshielded Twisted Pair(UTP)

A

Cable for telephone and network composed of pairs of wires twisted around each other at specific interval. Twist reduce interference. More twist less interference

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9
Q

Physical Layer

A

Anything that moves data from one system to another

Defines hardware connections and turns binary into physical pulses.

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10
Q

What operates at the Physical Layer?

A

Repeaters, hubs, cabling, fiber optics, and radio waves

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11
Q

NIC

A

Allows a PC to link physically to a network

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12
Q

MAC Address

A

Unique 48-bit address assigned to NIC’s

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13
Q

Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)

A

First 24 bits of a MAC address, assigned to the NIC manufacturer by the IEEE

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14
Q

What are the last 6 digits of a MAC address?

A

Device ID

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15
Q

Physical Address

A

Address burned into a ROM chip on a NIC

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16
Q

Example of Physical Address

A

MAC

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17
Q

A defined series of binary data that is the basic container for a discrete amount of data moving across a network

A

Frame

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18
Q

A sequence of bits placed in a frame that is used to check the primary data for errors

A

Frame Check Sequence (FCS)

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19
Q

A mathematical method used to check for errors in long streams of transmitted data with high accuracy

A

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)

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20
Q

An electronic device that sits at the center of a star topology network, providing a common point for connection of network devices.

A

Hub

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21
Q

The address a NIC attaches to a frame when it wants every other NIC on the network to read it

A

Broadcast Address

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22
Q

255.255.255.255

A

General Broadcast Address

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23
Q

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF

A

Broadcast MAC Address

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24
Q

Data Link Layer

A

Any device that deals with a MAC Address

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25
What filters and forward frames based on MAC address and operates on the Data Link Laye?
Bridges
26
A device that connects two networks and passes traffic between them based only on the node address, so that traffic between nodes on one network does not appear on the other network. Ex. Ethernet bridge only looks a the MAC address.
Bridge
27
What are the two aspects of NIC's
Logical Link Control (LLC) and Media Access Control (MAC)
28
The aspect of the NIC that talks to the OS, places outbound data coming "down" from the upper layers of software into frames and create the FCS on each frame
Logical Link Control (LLC)
29
Which layer on the OSI model has sublayers?
Data Link
30
The process of assigning organized blocks of logically associated network addresses to create smaller manageable networks called subnets
Logical Addressing
31
Example of logically addressing
IP Addresses
32
Subnet
Each independent network in a TCP/IP internetwork
33
Special software that exists in every network-capable OS that acts to create unique identifiers for each system. It also creates a set of communication rules for issues like how to handle data chipped up into multiple packets and how to deal with routers.
Network Protocol
34
A set of protocols that are commonly used together and operate at different levels of the OSI seven layer model
Protocol Suite
35
Basic component of communication over a network. A group of bits of fixed maximum size and well-defined format that is switched and transmitted as a complete whole through a network. It contains source and destination address, data, and control information
Packet
36
A device that connects separate networks and forwards a packet from one network to another based only on the network address for the protocol being used.
Router
37
What operates on Layer 3?
Routers
38
Which layer is the last to deal directly with hardware?
Network Layer (Layer 3)
39
Assembly/disassembly and also initializes requests for packets that weren't received in good order
Transport Layer (Layer 4)
40
TCP, UDP, SPX, and NetBEUI operates at which Layer?
Transport Layer
41
The Transport Layer break data down into which kind of chucks?
Segments or Datagrams
42
Manages connections between machines (initiates sessions, accepts incoming sessions, and open and close existing sessions
Session Layer (Layer 5)
43
NetBIOS and Sockets operate at which layer
Session Layer
44
Handles the process of differentiating among various types of connections on a PC (connecting applications to applications)
Session Software
45
Which two encryptions protocols used in ecommerce are initiated at Layer 5
TLS and SSL
46
TLS and SSL are encrypted and decrypted at which Layer
Layer 6
47
Which layer manages data encryption, hides the difference among various types of computer systems (Data conversion)
Presentation Layer (Layer 6)
48
Provides tools for programs to use to access the network
Application Layer (Layer 7)
49
HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and POP3 are all examples of protocols that operate at which layer?
Application Layer
50
Shared functions, subroutines, and libraries that allow programs on a machine to communicate with the OS and other programs
Application Programming Interface (API)
51
The process of stripping all the extra header information from a packet as the data moves up a protocol stack
De-encapsulation
52
The process of putting the packets from one protocol inside the packets of another protocol. Ex. Application to Data Link layers. Each layer adds more information so that the data get to the correct recipient and the recipient knows what to do with the data.
Encapsulation
53
Where dos a hub send data?
To all the systems connected to the hub
54
What uniquely identifies every NIC?
Media access control address (MAC Address)
55
What Windows utility do you use to find the MAC address for a system?
ipconfig /all
56
A MAC address is known as a(n) ____ address
Physical
57
A NIC sends data is secrete chunks called _____
Frames -- Network use frames to keep any one NIC from hogging the wire
58
Which MAC address begins a frame?
Receiving system -- followed by the MAC address of the sending NIC -- followed, in turn, by type of encapsulated data, the data, and FCS
59
A frame ends with a special bit called the frame check sequence (FCS). What does the FCS do?
Verifies that the data arrived correct
60
00-50-56-A3-04-0C is an example of
MAC address
61
Which layer of the TCP/IP model controls the assembly and disassembly of data?
Transport Layer
62
Which layer of the OSI seven-layer model keeps track of a system's connections to send the right response to the right computer?
Session
63
Name TCP/IP four layers
Application, Transport, Internet, Link/Network Interface
64
Makes up the OSI model's Layer 1 and 2
Link Layer
65
Any device or protocol that deals with pure IP packets --getting an OP packet--getting an IP packet to its destination
Internet Layer
66
Which layer is compared to OSI Layers 4,5, and part 7
Transport Layer
67
Which layer is compared to OSI Layer 5-7
Application Layer