Network Design

Question 1

Used to explain network communications between a host and remote
device over a LAN or WAN

Answer 1

OSI Model

Question 2

Represents the actual network cables and radio waves used to carry data
over a network

Answer 2

Physical Layer

Question 3

Describes how a connection is established, maintained, and transferred
over the physical layer and uses physical addressing (MAC addresses)
§ Frames

Answer 3

Data Link Layer

Question 4

Uses logical address to route or switch information between hosts, the
network, and the internetworks
§ Packets

Answer 4

Network Layer

Question 5

Manages and ensures transmission of the packets occurs from a host to a
destination using either TCP or UDP
§ Segments (TCP) or Datagrams (UDP)

Answer 5

Transport Layer

Question 6

Manages the establishment, termination, and synchronization of a
session over the network

Answer 6

Session Layer

Question 7

Translates the information into a format that the sender and receiver
both understand

Answer 7

Presentation Layer

Question 8

Layer from which the message is created, formed, and originated
§ Consists of high-level protocols like HTTP, SMTP, and FTP

Answer 8

Application Layer

Question 9

Attempt to overwhelm the limited switch memory set aside to store the
MAC addresses for each port

Answer 9

MAC Flooding

Question 10

Occurs when an attacker masks their own MAC address to pretend they
have the MAC address of another device

Answer 10

MAC Spoofing

Question 11

occurs when an attacker attempts to gain physical
access

Answer 11

Physical Tampering

Question 12

Used to connect two or more networks to form an internetwork

Answer 12

Routers

Question 13

An ordered set of rules that a router uses to decide whether to permit or
deny traffic based upon given characteristics

Answer 13

Access Control List

Question 14

Focused on providing controlled access to publicly available servers that
are hosted within your organizational network

Answer 14

De-Militarized Zone (DMZ)

Question 15

Specialized type of DMZ that is created for your partner organizations to
access over a wide area network

Answer 15

Extranet

Question 16

§ Any host that accepts inbound connections from the internet

Answer 16

Internet facing host

Question 17

Hosts or servers in the DMZ which are not configured with any services
that run on the local network

Answer 17

Bastion Hosts

Question 18

§ A hardened server that provides access to other hosts within the DMZ

Answer 18

Jumpbox

Question 19

Security technique in which devices are scanned to determine its current
state prior to being allowed access onto a given network

Answer 19

Network Access Control (NAC)

Question 20

A piece of software that is installed on the device requesting access to
the network

Answer 20

Persistent Agents

Question 21

Uses a piece of software that scans the device remotely or is installed and
subsequently removed after the scan

Answer 21

Non-persistent Agents

Question 22

Attacker configures their device to pretend it is a switch and uses it to
negotiate a trunk link to break out of a VLAN

Answer 22

Switch Spoofing

Question 23

Attacker adds an additional VLAN tag to create an outer and inner tag

Answer 23

Double Tagging

Question 24

Act of creating subnetworks logically through the manipulation of IP
addresses

Answer 24

Subnetting

Question 25

§ Process of changing an IP address while it transits across a router

Answer 25

Network Address Translation(NAT)

Question 26

Router keeps track of requests from internal hosts by assigning them
random high number ports for each request

Answer 26

Port Address Translation(PAT)

Question 27

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Answer 27

Class A IP Addresses

Question 28

§ 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Answer 28

Class B IP Addresses

Question 29

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Answer 29

Class C IP Addresses

Question 30

§ Term used to describe devices that provide voice communication to users

Answer 30

Telephony

Question 31

§ Term used to describe devices that provide voice communication to users

Answer 31

Modem

Question 32

§ Protect dial-up resources by using the callback feature

Answer 32

War Dialing

Question 33

§ Internal phone system used in large organizations

Answer 33

Public Branch Exchange

Question 34

Digital phone service provided by software or hardware devices over a
data network

Answer 34

Voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP)