Network Configuration Flashcards
What do the terms “interface”, “protocol,” and “service” mean in relation to computer networks?
Interface: any channel through which network data can flow
Protocol: a set of rules used to describe a specific type of network communication.
Network Service: a collection of settings that define a network connection
What’s the purpose of internet Protocol v4 (IPv4) addresses and subnet masks?
IPv4 (or IP) identifies the location of a specific network device.
Subnet masks are used by network devices to identify their local network range and to determine whether outgoing data is destined for a network device on the LAN
How does IPv4 addressing differ from IPv6 addressing?
IPv4 address is 32-bit number represented in four groups of three-digit numbers (0-255), known as octets, separated by periods.
IPv6 address is 128-bit number that’s presented in eight groups of four-digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. Includes subnet information and allows for a huge range of addresses.
How does the IP use the MAC address to send messages between computers on a LAN?
If a network device needs to send data to another network device on the same LAN, it addresses the outgoing packets based on the destination device’s MAC address.
How does the IP transfer messages between computers over a wide area network (WAN)?
A network client uses the subnet mask to determine whether the destination IP address is on the LAN. If it’s not, it’s assumed it’s on another network, and the client sends the data to the local router. That router then sends the data via WAN on to another router that is closer to the destination. This continues until the data reaches it’s destination.
How is the Domain Name Service (DNS) used to facilitate network naming?
It is used to translate host names to IP addresses via forward lookups and translate IP addresses to host names via reverse lookups.
What’s used to identify a Wi-Fi network?
SSID or service set identifier
What Wi-Fi authentication protocols are supported by OS X (3 things)
WEP
WPA/WPA2 Personal
WPA/WPA 2 Enterprise (supports 802.1X)
How can an OS X system automatically connect to a Wi-Fi network?
A new OS X system can automatically join an open network. A configured OS X system can automatically reconnect to networks if the appropriate information was saved to the Keychain.
Through what mechanism can a standard user configure Wi-Fi settings?
Via the Wi-Fi status menu. WPA Enterprise connections require an administrator user because the Keychain must be modified.
What’s a network location and who can access them?
It is a saved state of Network preferences that contains all network interface settings. Only administrators can define network locations, but if more than one locations exists, all users can switch between the various locations via the Apple menu.
What interfaces and protocols are supported by default in OS X? (19 things)
Ethernet IEEE 802.3 Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11 FireWire IEEE 1934 bridged Thunderbolt bridged Bluetooth wireless hardware USB connected via cellular network adaptors iOS devices with cellular network service VPN via PPTP VPN via Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol VPN via Cisco IPSec PPPoE 6 to 4 virtual network interface VLAN via IEEE 802.1Q Link Aggregation via 802.3ad TCP/IP DHCP DNS NetBIOS and WINS Authenticated Ethernet via 802.1X
What functionality does OS X support with the AppleTalk protocol?
Only 10.5 or earlier supports AppleTalk
How does network service order affect network connectivity?
It is used to determine the primary network service interface if there is more than one active service.
In Network preferences, how can you tell which interface is currently being used for network activities?
In Network preferences, all network service interfaces with a green status indicator are being used for network activities.
