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Security Analyst Interview Questions > Network Concepts > Flashcards

Network Concepts Flashcards

Net+ N10-009

1
Q

Layer 1

A

Physical - Receives the frames and data and sends them via copper wires, fiber-optic cables, etc. to the switches, routers, etc., along the network path.

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2
Q

Layer 2

A

Data Link - Receives the packets and adds physical addressing by adding sender and receiver MAC addresses to each data packet.

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3
Q

Layer 3

A

Network - The routing layer IP addresses, routers, packets

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4
Q

Layer 4

A

Transport - Provide for the reliable transmission of data segments, as well as the disassembly and assembly of the data before and after transmission.

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5
Q

Layer 5

A

Session - Establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between two communicating hosts.

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6
Q

Layer 6

A

Presentation - Ensures that info sent at application layer of one system is readable by the application layer of another system.

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7
Q

Layer 7

A

Application - Closest to the user. Provides network services to the applications of the user, such as email, file transfer, and terminal emulation.

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8
Q

Router

A

A device that forwards data packets between computer networks/routes traffic between IP subnets. Also known as a layer 3 switch if a router is included in a switch.

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9
Q

Modem

A

Converts data from a digital format into a format suitable for analog transmission such as telephone or radio.

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10
Q

Repeater

A

Electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits it.

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11
Q

Bridge

A

Connects and filters traffic between two or more network segments

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12
Q

Switch

A

Device that connects network segments and forwards data traffic based on data link addresses.

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13
Q

Server

A

A system that provides resources, data, services, or programs to computers, known as clients, over a network.

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14
Q

Proxy

A

A system or router that provides a gateway between users and the internet. Useful for caching information, access control, URL filtering, and content scanning

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15
Q

Hub

A

A device that links multiple computers and devices together

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16
Q

Wireless LAN Controller

A

Centralized management of AP’s, deploy new AP’s, performance and security monitoring.

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17
Q

DMZ (Demilitarized Zone)

A

Buffer zone between an internal network and the public Internet, adding an extra layer of security.

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18
Q

Time To Live (TTL)

A

A value that limits the lifespan of data in a network or computer

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19
Q

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

A

A server that is placed on a network with the purpose of providing storage to users, computers, and devices attached to the network.

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20
Q

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A

A high-speed network with the sole purpose of providing storage to other attached servers.

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21
Q

How many broadcast domains are created when using this single 24-port switch?

A

1

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22
Q

What does the TCP/IP model consist of?

A

Network Access, Internet, Transport, Application

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23
Q

Network Access Layer

A

Transmission of data between two devices on a network.

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24
Q

Internet Layer

A

Routes packets across networks

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25
Q

Transport Layer

A

Ensures reliable data transfer between devices

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26
Q

Application Layer

A

Provides network services directly to end-users and applications.

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27
Q

What is the difference between unicast, multicast, and anycast in IPv6?

A

Unicast is one-to-one, multicast is one-to-many, and anycast is one-to-nearest.

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28
Q

What is APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)?

A

Fallback for network configs when DHCP fails, but are considered private IPs. IP Range: 169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255

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29
Q

Local Host Address

A

127.0.0.1

30
Q

What is CIDR notation?

A

It is used to represent IP addresses and their associated routing prefix.

31
Q

Hybrid Cloud

A

Combination of private and public clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them.

32
Q

Public Cloud

A

Offered over the internet by third-party providers, accessible to anyone.

33
Q

Private Cloud

A

Dedicated to a single organization, providing greater control and security.

34
Q

Community Cloud

A

Shared by multiple organizations with common goals or requirements, often within a specific industry.

35
Q

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

A

Cloud computing service that offers compute, storage, and networking resources on-demand.

36
Q

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

A

A complete cloud-based environment for developing and deploying applications, from simple apps to complex enterprise solutions.

37
Q

SaaS (Software as a Service)

A

Uses the web to deliver applications that are managed by a third-party vendor and whose interface is accessed on the client’s side.

38
Q

DaaS (Data as a Service)

A

Cloud computing offering where a service provider delivers virtual desktops to end-users over the Internet, licensed with a per-user subscription.

39
Q

What port is RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol on)?

A

3389 TCP - Establish a connection with a remote computer.

40
Q

What port is SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) on?

A

25 TCP - Email’s are sent over the network securely

41
Q

What port is POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3) on?

A

110 TCP - Allows users to download emails from a server to a client.

42
Q

What port is DHCP (Domain Host Configuration Protocol) on?

A

67 & 68 UDP - Assign IP Addresses to clients on a network automatically.

43
Q

What port is DNS (Domain Name Service on)?

A

53 TCP & UDP - Translates IP Addresses into Domain Names

44
Q

What port is FTP (File Transfer Protocol) on?

A

20 & 21 TCP - Transfer files over the internet.

45
Q

What port is SSH (Secure Shell) on?

A

22 TCP - Carries out the task of remotely connecting to a remote server or host.

46
Q

What port is TELNET on?

A

23 TCP - Establish a connection between a server and a remote computer.

47
Q

What port is IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) on?

A

143 TCP - Retrieve emails from a remote server without having the need to download the email.

48
Q

What port is SMTPS (Simple Male Transfer Protocol Security)

A

587 TCP - Method for securing the SMTP using transport layer security.

49
Q

What is LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

A

389 TCP & UDP - Used to access and manage directory services, like user and device information, over a network.

50
Q

What is LDAPS (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Secure)

A

636 TCP - Secure version of LDAP that encrypts data transmission using SSL/TLS to protect sensitive information exchanged between clients and directory servers.

51
Q

What is the purpose of the VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI)?

A

It is used to differentiate between different VXLAN overlay networks.

52
Q

Classless

A

Allocate IP addresses without adhering to traditional class-based address boundaries.

53
Q

Teredo Tunneling

A

A method for encapsulating IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets to facilitate IPv6 connectivity through NAT (Network Address Translation) devices.

54
Q

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A

Used to modify IP address information in packet headers while in transit across a routing device, allowing multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address.

55
Q

What distinguishes Security Service Edge (SSE) from traditional network security architectures?

A

SSE leverages cloud-based security services to protect distributed users and devices.

56
Q

What is a NAT Gateway?

A

Allows resources within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) to access the internet without being directly exposed to the internet.

57
Q

CISCO 3 Tier Hierarchical Model

A
  1. Core
  2. Distribution
  3. Access
58
Q

Core Layer

A

Responsible for transporting large amounts of traffic quickly.

59
Q

Distribution

A

Communication point between the access layer and the core.

60
Q

Access

A

Controls user and workgroup access to the resources on the network.

61
Q

Port mirroring

A

Copies traffic from one port to another for monitoring or analysis.

62
Q

TACACS+

A

Provides AAA services for access to routers, network access points, and other networking devices.

63
Q

Wireless Controller

A

A central management console for all of the APs on a network.

64
Q

Quality of service (QoS)

A

Policies that control how much bandwidth a protocol, PC, user, VLAN, or IP address may use. Firewalls, routers, switches, and QoS devices manage QoS.

65
Q

Internet Key Exchange (IKE)

A

Creates a secure tunnel by encrypting the connection between authenticated peers.

66
Q

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

A

Tools used to create and manage public keys for encryption.

67
Q

Default Gateway

A

Network node, usually a router, that devices use to access other networks when no other routes are specified.

68
Q

Logical link control (LLC)

A

Provides connection services and allows acknowledgement of receipt of receipt of messages.

69
Q

Redudancy

A

Provides multiple paths for traffic so that data can keep flowing even in the event of a failure

70
Q

Static Routing

A
71
Q
A

Security Analyst Interview Questions (9 decks)

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