Network Flashcards
What is a network ?
Multiple devices connected for the purpose of communication and sharing resources
What is the order of the TCP/IP model ?
Application, transport, internet/network and link/data
What are the protocols of application?
HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, IMAP and SMTP
What are the protocols of transport ?
TCP and UDP
What are the protocols of internet/network ?
IP
What are the protocols of link/data ?
Ethernet
What does TCP/IP stand for ?
Transmission Control Protocol/ internet protocol
What does the application layer do ?
Where the software operates: web browsers, email services
What does the transport layer do ?
Setting up the communication between 2 devices. Splitting data into packets and checking packets are correctly sent and delivered.
What does the internet/network layer do ?
Adds IP addresses to data packets then directs them between devices using routers.
What does the link/data layer do ?
Where the HARDWARE and drivers operate. Passes data over the PHYSICAL network, such as ethernet cable, WIFI signals, NICs etc.
What is the internet ?
Allows computer networks around the world to talk to one another
What is the World Wide Web (WWW) ?
n information system on the internet which allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links
What is a URL ?
The address of a web page
Explain the purpose of a router?
A router receives and sends data on computer networks
Explain the difference between an IP address and a MAC address ?
MAC address is used to ensure the physical address of a computer. It uniquely identifies the dives on a network. While IP address are used to uniquely identifies the connection of network with that device take part in a network
What are the 5 topologies names ?
Ring, tree, mesh, star and bus
What is two advantages of star ?
If a device fails its does not affects the other nodes and to add more devices simply by connecting them to the switch
What is two disadvantages of star ?
The cost can be expensive because a wired star topology requires plenty of cables and the switch fails as no nodes can communicate if the whole network fails
What is two advantages of bus ?
The cost can be cheap because often pay temporary network is needed that does not reply on very high data and they don’t have a lot of cables like star
What is two disadvantages of bus ?
If the main cable breaks it wouldn’t work because the main cable connected everything and the more devices you add the less fast it will be
What is a LAN ?
Local area network. It covers a small geographical area
What is a WAN ?
Wide area network. It covers a large geographical area
What is a PAN ?
Personal area network.
What is a WAP ?
Wireless access point
What is a NIC ?
Network interface card
What is two advantage of wireless ?
Access easily and cheaper to set up
What is two disadvantage of wireless ?
Speed usually slower and needs high security setting
What is two advantage of wired ?
Very secure and higher speed
What is two disadvantage of wired ?
Expensive equipment e.g hubs and trailing wires
What is an example of a LAN ?
Office, schools, building
What is an example of a WAN ?
The internet
What is an example of PAN ?
Hotspot, video games
What is an advantage of fibre optic cable ?
No loss of signal quality and high performance
What is a disadvantage of fibre optic cable ?
Expensive
What is an advantage of copper cable/ethernet ?
Cheaper than fibre and CAT 5e and CAT 6 have a decent bandwidth
What is a disadvantage of copper cable/ethernet ?
Coaxial have a low bandwidth
What is the connection method for PAN ?
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and Ethernet
What is the connection method of LAN ?
CAT 5e, CAT 6 and Ethernet
What is the connection method for WAN ?
Fibre optic
What is the advantages of connecting in a network ?
Sharing files is easier and communicate across a network easily
What is the disadvantages of connecting in a network ?
Can be expensive to set up and networks can be vulnerable to hacking
What does HTTP stand for and what does it do?
Hyper text transfer protocol and it is used for web browsers to access websites
What does HTTPS stand for and what does it do ?
HTTPS secure it is used for a more secure version of HTTP
What does FTP stand for and what does it do ?
File transfer protocol and it is used to access, edit and move file between devices on a network
What is IMAP and what does it stand for
Used to retrieve emails form a server and it stands for internet message access protocol
What does SMTP stand for and what does it do?
Used to send emails and transfer emails between servers
What does TCP stand for and what does it do ?
Transmission Control Protocol and it communicates with the receiving device
What does UDP stand for and what does it do?
User datagram protocol and it breaks down data into packets without numbering them
What does IP stand for and what does it do ?
Internet protocol. Established connection between routers and handling network traffic
list three different measures that can be used to maintain the security of a computer system
Encryption:
- when files that are encrypted have been altered using a secret code and is unreadable to unauthorised parties
- turns plain text into cipher text which protect data from being understood if it was hijacked
MAC address:
- Ensures that only authorised devices can connect to a network by reading the MAC addresses of the devices and letting only authorised devices entering
- blocks out the possibility of hackers from hacked into the network
anti-malware software:
- types of software that prevent malware attacks
- for example, anti-virus software is it has a database of known viruses and it warns the user if one of the viruses are on the system
- also firewalls blocks and prevent network traffic based on a defined set of security rules. this prevents suspicious attachments like trojans entering
what are two difference between LAN and WAN?
- Most WANs are made from several LANs connected together.
- LAN covers a small geographical area whereas WAN covers a large geographical area
