Nervsystem Flashcards
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To transmit signals between different parts of the body
True or False: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
True
What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?
Neurons and glial cells
Fill in the blank: Neurons are specialized cells that _______ and _______ electrical signals.
Receive, transmit
What is the role of glial cells in the nervous system?
Support and protect neurons
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Dendrites
What is the long, slender part of the neuron that transmits signals to other cells?
Axon
True or False: The myelin sheath helps to speed up the transmission of signals along the axon.
True
What is the small gap between two neurons where signals are transmitted called?
Synapse
Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary functions like heartbeat and digestion?
Autonomic nervous system
Fill in the blank: The brain and spinal cord make up the _______ nervous system.
Central
What is the largest part of the brain responsible for higher functions such as thinking and decision-making?
Cerebrum
Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating movement and balance?
Cerebellum
True or False: The brainstem controls basic functions such as breathing and heart rate.
True
What is the protective covering of the brain and spinal cord called?
Meninges
Which division of the nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response?
Sympathetic nervous system
What is the neurotransmitter associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
True or False: Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across the synapse between neurons.
True
What is the term for the process by which the nervous system receives, interprets, and responds to stimuli?
Sensory integration
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and sensory perception?
Somatic nervous system
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the brain that regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
Hypothalamus
What disorder is characterized by a progressive loss of memory and cognitive function?
Alzheimer’s disease
True or False: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the myelin sheath of neurons.
True
What is the term for the network of nerves that controls reflexes?
Reflex arc
Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of happiness and well-being?
Serotonin
