Endokrina System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
To regulate various bodily functions by releasing hormones into the bloodstream.
True or False: The endocrine system works independently from the nervous system.
True
Which gland is often referred to as the ‘master gland’?
Pituitary gland
What is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland?
Thyroxine (T4)
What hormone does the adrenal medulla secrete during the ‘fight or flight’ response?
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
Insulin
What is the primary function of the pancreas in the endocrine system?
To regulate blood sugar levels by producing insulin and glucagon.
What hormone is produced by the ovaries in females?
Estrogen
What hormone is produced by the testes in males?
Testosterone
Which gland is responsible for producing melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles?
Pineal gland
What is the primary function of the parathyroid glands?
To regulate calcium levels in the blood.
What is the term for a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much hormone?
Hyperthyroidism
What is the term for a condition where the adrenal glands produce an excess of cortisol?
Cushing’s syndrome
What is the term for a condition where the pancreas does not produce enough insulin?
Type 1 diabetes
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of bones and muscles?
Growth hormone (GH)
What is the hormone that stimulates the release of milk in breastfeeding women?
Prolactin
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating ovulation in females?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What is the term for a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland?
Hypothyroidism
What is the hormone responsible for regulating water balance in the body?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells?
Erythropoietin
What is the hormone that helps in the body’s response to stress and regulates metabolism?
Cortisol
What is the primary function of the thymus gland in the endocrine system?
To produce T-cells and regulate the immune system.
What hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
Which hormone is known as the ‘hunger hormone’ due to its role in appetite regulation?
Ghrelin
