Nervous Tissue Flashcards
Where can multipolar neurons be found?
Brain, spinal cord, and autonomic ganglion.
Where can bipolar neurons be found?
Bipolar cells of the retina.
Where can unipolar/pseudounipolar neurons be found?
Sensory and dorsal root ganglia.
What is Nissl substance?
Aggregation of RER and ribosomes in neurons.
What are neuronal dendrites devoid of?
Golgi bodies and Nissl substance.
Define gemmule
The dendritic spines of nerve cells that contain dense material.
What are the terminal branches of nerve axons called?
Telodendrites
What can astrocytes be stained with?
Silver stain
What are astrocytes in the white matter called? Describe them.
Fibrous astrocytes, long and moderately branched
What are the astrocytes in the grey matter called? Describe them.
Protoplasmic astrocytes, shorter and highly branched
What forms the blood-brain barrier?
The end-feet of astrocytes.
What are neurolemnocytes?
Schwann cells, produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system.
Describe microglial cells.
Small, elongated cells with an elongated nucleus and short, irregular processes.
Describe ependymal cells. What is their function?
Ciliated, cuboidal or columnar cells that line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. They facilitate the movement of CSF.
What do ependymal cells produce?
Cerebral spinal fluid.
What is a nerve fiber surrounded by?
Endoneurium
Describe perineurium.
Collagenous connective tissue that envelopes nerve fiber fascicles.
What covers the entire nerve?
Epineurium
What encapsulates the sensory and autonomic ganglia?
Ganglionic gliocytes (satellite cells)
Where are exteroreceptors found?
On the body surface
Where are enteroreceptors found?
In the viscera
Where are proprioreceptors found?
In musculoskeletal structures
What neurons are located in the ventral grey matter horn of the spinal cord?
Interneurons cell body
What neurons are located in the lateral grey matter horn of the spinal cord?
Autonomic neuron cell body
What neurons are located in the ventral grey matter horn of the spinal cord?
Efferent neuron cell body
What lines the central canal of the spinal cord?
Ependymal cells
What are nuclei?
Aggregates of grey matter among the white matter of the brain stem
What are the six layers of the grey matter in the cerebral cortex, in order of external to internal?
Molecular layer External granular layer External pyramidal layer Internal granular layer Internal pyramidal layer Fusiform layer
What are the 3 layers of the cerebellum, in order of external to internal?
Outer molecular layer
Inner granular layer
Intermediate Purkinje cell layer
Describe the flow of cerebral spinal fluid.
Produced in ventricle, passes through lateral apertures to get to the subarachnoid space. Accumulates in the venous sinuses to be filtered out
