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ANIMAL Tissue > NERVOUS TISSUE > Flashcards

NERVOUS TISSUE Flashcards

1
Q

Origin?

A

Ectodermal

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2
Q

definition

A

tissues made up of specialized nerve cells which forms the nervous system of animals.

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3
Q

what is the special property of nervous tissue?

A

1.excitibility
2.conductivity

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4
Q

Do neurons divide once fully formed?

A

NO

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5
Q

Two main categories of nervous tissue

A

1.Neurons
2.Neuroglia

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6
Q

Components of nervous tissue

A
  1. Neurons
  2. Neuroglia
    3.Ependymal cells
    4.Neuro secretory cells
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7
Q

Basic structural and functional unit of nervous tissue.

A

Neuron

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8
Q

What does a neuron do?

A

Transmits impulses all over the body after receiving the impulses from outside world.

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9
Q

Dense connective tissue covering a neuron

A

Epineurium

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10
Q

Structure of neuron

A
  1. Soma/Cell body/Perikaryon
  2. Cytoplasmic extensions
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10
Q

What is a neuron made of?

A

bundles of axons called fasciculi with each called fascicle covered by perineurium.

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11
Q

Cell body

A

main body of neuron, with centrally placed nucleus, mitochondria, ER, Ribosomes, Nissl’s granules, lysosomes
-carries genetic info, regulates activities and maintains the structure

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12
Q

Cytoplasmic extensions

A
  1. Axon
  2. Dendrons
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13
Q

Axon

A

single, long, unbranched(except terminal end), efferent in nature. Usually covered with myelin sheath made up of Schwann cell, broken at certain intervals called nodes of Ranvier. At terminal ends axon forms many branches called axon terminals and telodendrion which swells at the tip to be called synaptic knobs

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14
Q

Function of Schwann cell

A

produce myelin sheath

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14
Q

Cell membrane of axon

A

Axolemma

15
Q

Cytoplasm of axon

A

axoplasm

16
Q

Dendron

A

numerous short branched nerve process, afferent, Nissl’s granules but no myelin sheath

17
Q

Function of nodes of Ranvier

A

Allows diffusions of ions

18
Q

Difference between axons and dendrons.

A

1.number
2. Nissl granules
3. myelin sheath
4. branching
5. mode
6. length

19
Q

Types of nerve cell on the basis of myelin sheath

A
  1. Myelinated/medullated
    -white matter of brain and spinal cord
    -fast conduction
    -thicker
  2. Non- myelinated/non-medullated
    -grey matter of brain and spinal cord
    -slow conduction
    -thinner
20
Q

Types of nerve cell on the basis of number of nerve processes

A
  1. Unipolar-single axon only
    -nervous system of embryo
  2. Bipolar-one of both in opposite poles
    -retina of eye and olfactory nerve
  3. Multipolar- Many dendrites and one axon
    -adult central nervous system
21
Q

Types of nerve cells on the basis of function

A

1.Afferent/Sensory
-towards CNS
-optic nerve
2.Efferent/Motor
-away from CNS
-Oculomotor nerve
3.Mixed
-Spinal nerve

22
Q

Neuroglia/glial cells

A

non-neuronal packing cells between nerve cells
-supports, protects and regulates neurons of CNS and PNS
-50% of brain and 10 times more than neuron

23
Q

Types of neuroglial cells

A
  1. Microgliocytes - small, spindle shaped, phagocytic
    2.Astrocytes- star shaped, highly branched processes, regulation of organic and inorganic substances from nearby blood capillaries
    3.Oligodendrocytes-produces myelin sheath
24
Q

functions

A
  1. packing material
  2. insulator between neurons
  3. nutrition
  4. memory
  5. phagocytes
25
Q

Ependymal cells

A

Simple cuboidal/columnar cells lined in ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord , produces CSF, bears microvilli for regulation and absorption of CSF

26
Q

Neuro-secretory cells

A

Special secretory cells found in hypothalamus of the brain.
-secretes neuronal hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland

27
Q

examples of neuro-secretory cells

A

FSH, TSH, ACTH, PROLACTIN, MSH, GH

28
Q

Difference between neuron and neuroglial cells

A

1.function
2.specialization
3.ability to divide
4. number
5.synapse
6.nerve processes

ANIMAL Tissue (5 decks)

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