Nervous System Disorders

Question 1

Progressive degenerative disease of the brain. Most common cause of dementia for 65 y/o and older.

Answer 1

Alzheimer’s Disease/Dementia

Question 2

Permanent set of motor problems diagnosed in infants and young children. Thought to be due to damage to the motor cortex.

Answer 2

Cerebral Palsy

Question 3

Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy

Answer 3

Vary from mild foot drag and incoordination to complete
paralysis and the inability to speak. Some may have developmental delays, autism or seizures. Many are of
normal or above normal intellect.

Question 4

Treatment for Cerebral Palsy

Answer 4

physical therapy, occupational therapy, assistive devices and drugs to control symptoms. No cure.

Question 5

Seizure disorder believed to be a result of spontaneous uncontrolled electrical activity
of neurons.

Answer 5

Epilepsy

Question 6

How is epilepsy diagnosed?

Answer 6

EEG (electroencephalogram)

Question 7

Severe, convulsive seizure

Answer 7

Grand Mal

Question 8

Mild (sometimes like someone is just staring) seizure.

Answer 8

Petit Mal

Question 9

Treatment for epilepsy.

Answer 9

anticonvulsant medications

Question 10

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s.

Answer 10

Characterized by memory loss and diminished cognitive function. Tangles of fibers develop in nerve cells which interferes with brain function.

Question 11

Infection or inflammation of the meninges.

Answer 11

meningitis

Question 12

Cause of meningitis

Answer 12

bacteria and viral infections

Question 13

Symptoms of meningitis

Answer 13

severe headache and stiff neck with pain.

Question 14

Disorder in which myelin is destroyed, probably
by autoimmune attack. The brain, spinal cord and optic nerves are often involved.
The areas without myelin impairs or prevents
conduction of nerve impulses.

Answer 14

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 15

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)

Answer 15

impairments in vision, balance, speech or movement. Can be relapsing-remitting with flare-ups and remissions or chronic progressive with no remissions.

Question 16

Who is most commonly affected by MS?

Answer 16

women under 50 years old

Question 17

Brain disorder caused by the loss of
dopamine-producing neurons.

Answer 17

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 18

Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

Answer 18

Decrease in dopamine leads to shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination. Symptoms usually begin gradually and get worse over time.
Later stages affect ability to chew and swallow

Question 19

Contagious viral illness that in its
most severe form causes nerve
injury leading to paralysis,
difficulty breathing and
sometimes death

Answer 19

Poliomyelitis (Polio)

Question 20

Damage to the spinal cord that
results in a loss of function, such as mobility and/or feeling

Answer 20

Spinal Cord Injury

Question 21

paralysis of legs and lower body

Answer 21

paraplegia

Question 22

paralysis of the right or the left half of the body (example from a stroke)

Answer 22

hemiplegia

Question 23

paralysis of all 4 limbs

Answer 23

quadriplegia

Question 24

inflammation of the brain

Answer 24

encephalitis

Question 25

Cause of encephalitis

Answer 25

May be caused by a virus (ex. Herpes virus, West Nile Virus)

Question 26

symptoms of encephalitis

Answer 26

Fever, lethargy, headache, muscle aches, and extreme
fatigue. May be more severe and include confusion, hallucinations, paralysis and
unconsciousness.

Question 27

interruption of blood and oxygen to the brain

Answer 27

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) (stroke)

Question 28

Cause and risk factors of stroke.

Answer 28

Smoking, Hypertension, Heart
disease; Family history. 90% are caused by blood clots.
Clots lodge in carotid arteries, blocking the flow of blood to the brain.10% caused by ruptured blood vessels in the brain.

Question 29

Symptoms of CVA

Answer 29

Hemiplegia—on opposite side of
the body. Sudden, severe headache, Dizziness. Sudden loss of vision in one eye
Aphasia, Dysphagia
Coma, Possible death.

Question 30

What is FAST?

Answer 30

Face, Arms, Speech, Time

Question 31

Sudden damage to the brain caused by a blow or jolt to the head.

Answer 31

TBI - Traumatic Brain Injury

Question 32

Mild traumatic brain injury caused by an impact to your head or after a whiplash-type incident.

Answer 32

Concussion

Question 33

Symptoms of a concussion

Answer 33

headaches and problems with concentration, memory, balance and coordination

Question 34

An athlete with a suspected concussion should not return to play until this happens.

Answer 34

Medical evaluation by a health care professional trained in managing this condition.

Question 35

Aphasia

Answer 35

inability to understand or formulate speech

Question 36

dysphasia

Answer 36

difficulty formulating speech