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Health Science 1 > HS 1 3.03 Sensory System > Flashcards

HS 1 3.03 Sensory System Flashcards

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1
Q

This is a cone-shaped area formed to hold and protect the eyeball.

A

Orbital Cavity

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2
Q

This is a movable fold of skin that protects the eye.

A

eyelid

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3
Q

This prevents large particles from entering the eye.

A

eyelash

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4
Q

protective membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the sclera.

A

conjunctiva

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5
Q

this produces tears which cleanses and lubricates the eye

A

lacrimal gland

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6
Q

Three layers of the eye.

A

sclera, choroid, retina

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7
Q

white of the eye, helps maintain shape of the eye

A

sclera

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8
Q

middle layer of the eye, nourishes outer layers of the retina through the blood vessels.

A

choroid

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9
Q

innermost layer of the eye, light rays reflect here to form an image.

A

retina

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10
Q

these are found on the retina - sensitive to dim light

A

rods

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11
Q

these are found on the retina - sensitive to bright light and color

A

cones

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12
Q

blind spot on the retina

A

optic disc

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13
Q

Circular clear area in front center of the sclera “window of the eye”, is transparent and permits the passage of light rays

A

cornea

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14
Q

circular opening in the choroid coat that allows light to enter the eye

A

pupil

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15
Q

colored, muscular layer that surrounds the pupil

A

iris

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16
Q

these are located within the iris and control the size of the pupil

A

intrinsic muscles

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17
Q

crystalline structure located behind iris and pupil; separates the anterior and posterior chambers; focuses images on the retina

A

lens

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18
Q

carries the impulses formed by the retina to the brain for interpretation

A

optic nerve

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19
Q

The anterior chamber is filled with this clear watery fluid that nourishes the lens and maintains pressure in the eye.

A

aqueous humor

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20
Q

vitreous humor is a jelly-like fluid that maintains eye shape and refracts light rays; found in this

A

posterior chamber

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21
Q

This disorder causes the lens to gradually become cloudy; causes painful, gradual blurring and loss of vision

A

cataracts

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22
Q

treatment for cataracts

A

surgical removal of the lens

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23
Q

cataracts occur most frequently in who?

A

people over 70 years old

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24
Q

color plates used to test for color blindness

A

Ishihara test

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25
Q

color blindness affects what part of the eye?

A

cones

26
Q

Genetic disorder that is carried by female and transmitted to males.

A

color blindness

27
Q

commonly known as pink eye; inflammation of conjunctiva; redness, pain swelling and discharge

A

conjunctivitis

28
Q

treatment for conjunctivitis

A

antibiotic eye drops

29
Q

retina pulls away from the layer of blood vessels that provides it with oxygen and nutrients. Sudden appearance of floaters and flashes and reduced vision.

A

Detached Retina

30
Q

Symptoms include: Spots or
(floaters); Blurred vision;
Impaired color vision; Dark or
empty areas in vision and Vision
loss

A

diabetic retinopathy

31
Q

Excessive intraocular pressure
causing destruction of the retina
and atrophy of the optic nerve. Symptoms develop
gradually—mild aching, loss of
peripheral vision, halos around
light

A

Glaucoma

32
Q

Leading cause of vision loss. Incurable, treatments range from medications, injections into the eye and laser surgery

A

macular degeneration

33
Q

Symptoms of macular degeneration

A

partial loss of
vision, abnormality where
straight lines appear wavy,
blurred vision, loss of central
vision

34
Q

Light focuses in front of the retina because eyeball too long
Concave lenses help
Surgical Tx –– laser therapy used to
reshape the anterior cornea of the eye.

A

myopia: nearsighted

35
Q

Light focuses behind the retina because the eyeball is too short;Objects must be moved farther away from
the eye to be seen clearer; convex lenses help

A

Hyperopia; Farsighted

36
Q

lens loses elasticity, cannot focus on close or distant objects, usually occurs after age 40; treatment bifocals

A

presbyopia; old-sightedness

37
Q

irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, causing blurred vision and eye strain

A

astigmatism

38
Q

the outer ear, collects sound waves and directs them into the auditory canal

A

pinna (auricle)

39
Q

lined with glands that secrete a wax-like substance called cerumen that protects the ear. The canal leads to the tympanic membrane

A

auditory canal

40
Q

separates the outer
from the middle ear

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

41
Q

Three tiny bones in the middle ear.

A

ossicles

42
Q

What are the ossicles?

A

malleus (hammer); incus (anvil); stapes (stirrup)

43
Q

The function of the ossicles.

A

transmit sound waves from the eardrum to the inner ear

44
Q

filled with fluid that vibrates when sound waves are transmitted by the stapes

A

cochlear duct

45
Q

three structures in inner ear
that contain liquid set in motion by head and body
movements. These impulses are sent back to the
cerebellum to maintain balance or equilibrium

A

semicircular canals

46
Q

performed for chronic ear infections.
Surgical opening made in tympanic membrane and
tubes placed in ear to drain fluids

A

myringotomy

47
Q

the stapes becomes hardened and immovable. Common cause of deafness in young
adults. Tx: stapedectomy—total replacement of the
stapes

A

otosclerosis

48
Q

condition affects the semicircular
canals causing vertigo (dizziness)

A

Meniere’s Disease

49
Q

the sensation of hearing ringing, buzzing, hissing,
chirping, whistling, or other sounds. Common causes are:
age-related hearing loss; prolonged exposure to loud
noises; impacted cerumen; and otosclerosis

A

Tinnitus

50
Q

Deafness due to the aging process.
Tx: hearing aids

A

Presbycusis

51
Q

sounds to the inner ear are
blocked by ear wax, fluid in the middle ear, or abnormal
bone growth

A

Conductive hearing loss

52
Q

damage to inner ear or
auditory nerve causes partial or complete deafness.
Tx: Cochlear implants

A

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

53
Q

The sense of smell comes from this.

A

Olfactory region of the nasal cavity

54
Q

small, hair-like projections
that trap larger dust particles
entering the nose

A

cilia

55
Q

partition that divides the
nose into right and left sides

A

septum

56
Q

condition where there is a
bend in the cartilage of the septum.
Symptoms: blockage of airflow in one nostril;
difficulty sleeping; headaches; loud breathing; snoring
and nose bleeds
Treatment: surgical correction

A

Deviated nasal septum

57
Q

growths in the nasal cavity associated
with rhinitis. Treatment: if severe, surgical removal

A

nasal polyps

58
Q

inflammation of the lining of the nose causing
nasal congestion; nasal drainage, sneezing or itching.
Caused by allergies, infection, fumes, odors or drugs.
Treatment: eliminating allergens or reducing
exposure; antihistamines

A

rhinitis

59
Q

Bumps on the
surface of the tongue that
contain the taste buds

A

papillae

60
Q

inflammation of the tongue

A

Glossitis

61
Q

swollen, red bumpy
tongue with enlarged taste buds. Causes
include: Scarlet fever; allergies; Toxic shock
syndrome; Vitamin B12 deficiency and
Kawasaki disease

A

strawberry tongue

62
Q

an oral yeast infection that causes
white lesions on tongue and inner cheeks.
Common in babies, people with immune
deficiency, and those who use steroid
sprays for asthma.

A

thrush

Health Science 1 (2 decks)

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