Nervous System: Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

CVA
Brain attack
Cerebrovascular disease

Answer 1

A group of disorders affecting the vessels that supply blood to the brain

Question 2

Seizure disorders

Answer 2

Sudden changes in behavior or consciousness caused by uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain

Question 3

MS
Multiple sclerosis

Answer 3

Autoimmune disease that targets the myelin sheath on the nerves of the central nervous system

Question 4

affective disorder

Answer 4

psychological disorder in which the major characteristic is an abnormal mood, usually mania or depression

Question 5

anorexia nervosa

Answer 5

refusal to maintain adequate weight for age and height

Question 6

anxiety

Answer 6

psychological “worry” disorder

Question 7

ADHD
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

Answer 7

Affects children and adults

Impulses, over activity, and inability to concentrate

Question 8

bipolar disorder

manic-depressive illness

Answer 8

unusual shifts in mood, emotion, energy, and the ability to function

Question 9

mania

Answer 9

mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganized behavior, and excessively elevated mood

Question 10

neurosis

Answer 10

non psychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior

Question 11

panic attack

Answer 11

sudden and intense feeling of fear that comes without warning

Question 12

psychosis

Answer 12

major emotional disorder in which contact with reality is lose to the point that the individual is incapable of meeting the challenges of daily life

Question 13

agnosia

Answer 13

inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactor, or other sensations, even though the sensory sphere is intact

Question 14

anencephaly

Answer 14

congenital deformity in which some or all of the fetal brain is missing

Question 15

closed head trauma

Answer 15

injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tissue is not exposed

Question 16

coma

Answer 16

abnormally deep unconsciousness with an absence of voluntary response to stimuli

Question 17

dyslexia

Answer 17

inability to learn and process written language, despite adequate intelligence, sensory ability and exposure

Question 18

herpes zoster

-shingles

Answer 18

acute inflammatory eruption of highly painful vesicles on the trunk of the body or, occasionally, the face that is caused by the same virus that causes chickenpox

Question 19

huntington chorea

  -neurodegenerative genetic disorder

Answer 19

CNS disorder characterized by quick, involuntary movements, speech disturbances, and mental deterioration

Question 20

hydrocephalus

Answer 20

accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones

Question 21

lethargy

Answer 21

abnormal inactivity or lck of response to normal stimuli

Question 22

MG
myasthenia gravis

Answer 22

chronic, progressive disorder in which a loss of neurotransmitter receptors produces increasingly severe muscle weakness

Question 23

spina bifida

  -neural tube defect

Answer 23

congenital deformity of the neural tube (embryonic structure that becomes the fetal brain and spinal cord), which fails to close during fetal development

Question 24

meningocele

Answer 24

form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine

Question 25

occulta

Answer 25

form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae are malformed, and the spinal cord is covered with a layer of skin

Question 26

palsy

Answer 26

paralysis, usually partial, and commonly characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor

Question 27

bell palsy

 -facial nerve palsy

Answer 27

facial paralysis caused by a functional disorder of the seventh cranial nerve

Question 28

CP
cerebral palsy

Answer 28

type of paralysis that affects movement and muscle coordination and may affect gross and fine motor skills

Question 29

paralysis

Answer 29

loss of voluntary motion in one or more muscle groups with or without loss of sensation

Question 30

paresthesia

Answer 30

sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity

Question 31

Reye syndrome

  - affects children and teenagers recovering 
    from a viral infection 

  - fatty degenerative liver failure

Answer 31

potentially fatal syndrome that commonly causes brain swelling and liver damage and is characterized by confusion, hyperventilation, violent behavior, seizures, and possibly coma