Nervous System - B10 Flashcards
Define homeostasis
Maintaining a stable internal environment
Name 3 internal conditions that need to be controlled by homeostasis
- body temperature
- water levels
- blood glucose levels
How could a very high body temperature effect the human body
- enzymes are denatured so chemical reactions do not occur ( as rapidly )
- water lost ‘ body becomes dehydrated
- increasing blood pressure
How could a very low body temperature effect the human body
Body’s chemical reactions slow down so persons thinking / co ordination / heart rate does not function effectively
Describe 3 parts of a humans control system
Receptor - co ordination centre - effector
What is a stimulus
A change in the environment
Name the cell type that detects stimuli ( 3 examples )
Receptor
- eyes
-ears
-skin
Name the component in the nervous system that receives and processes information
Co ordination centre
Name the component in the nervous system that bring about the response to the stimuli
Effector
What is a receptor
Cells that detect a stimulus
What is the role of a human nervous system
Detects stimuli from internal or external environment and uses electrical impulses to bring about fast but short lived responses
State the function of a neurone
Transmit electrical impulses
Name the neutron that that carries impulses from a receptor to the central nervous system
Sensory neutron
Name the neutron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system to the effector
Motor neurone
Name the neurone that connects the sensory and motor neurone
Relay neurone
Where is the relay neurone located
In the central nervous system
Name 2 types of effectors
Muscles , glands
Name 2 co ordination centres that make up the central nervous system
Brain , spinal cord
How is the nerve cell adapted to its function
- axon is long so nerve impulses can be transmitted over long distances
- the branched connections allow the neurone to make connections with many other neurones
What are reflex actions ?
Automatic and rapid actions that do not involve conscious parts of the brain
Name 3 types of neurones
- sensory neurone
- relay neurone
- motor neurone
Where is the relay neurone found in a reflex arc?
Spinal cord
Describe the reflex arc , name all the components involved in the correct order
Stimulus - receptor - sensory neurone - relay neurone - motor neurone - effector - response
what does a muscle do to cause movement
Contract
