Emdocrine System - B11 Flashcards
Define homeostasis
Maintaining a stable internal environmentm
Name 3 internal conditions that need to be controlled through homeostasis
Body temperature
Water levels
Blood glucose levels
How do glands of the endocrine system bring about a change in our internal environment
Glands release hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel to the target organ to produce an effect
What are hormones
Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream
Name the ‘master gland’ that secretes a variety of hormones
Pituitary gland
State 2 differences between the effects of hormones compared to the nervous system
Hormonal effects are slower and last longer then effects of the nervous system
What is produced if the blood glucose is
a) too high
b) too low
a) insulin
b) glucagon
Name the organ that controls the blood glucose levels
Pancreas
State the 2 effects of insulin
- increases glucose uptake by cells
- converts glucose to glycogen to store in liver and muscles
State an effect of glucagon
Converts glycogen to glucose
What is glycogen ?
Complex /storage carbohydrate ,made up of glucose
Name 2 places where glycogen is stored
Muscles and liver
What is diabetes
Nom communicable disease in which body doesn’t make or doesn’t respond to insulin , leading to high blood glucose levels
What is type 1 diabetes
Condition where pancreas does not make insulin , usually from a young age on
What is type 2 diabetes
Condition where body cells stop responding to insulin usually from an older age on
Name one symptom of diabetes
Excess urine, feeling thirsty, lack of energy , lose weight
Name a risk factor of type 2 diabetes
Lack of exercise , sugary diet, obesity
Name a treatment for type 1 diabetes but not type 2 diabetes
Insulin injection
Name a method to cure type 1 diabetes
Pancreas transplant from an organ donor
Name 2 treatments for type 2 diabetes
Low sugar diet, regular exercise , medicine
Name the main female reproductive hormone
Oestrogen
Name the process where a matured egg is released from the ovaries
Ovulation
Name the hormone that stimulates ovulation
LH
Name the hormone that causes egg maturation in the ovaries
FSH
