Nervous system and Brain AO5

Question 1

what is the motor nervous system divided into?

Answer 1

somatic (voluntary)

Autonomic (involuntary)

Question 2

what does the somatic nervous system do?

Answer 2

carries nerve impulses to the body and muscles and is in voluntary control.

Question 3

what does the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 3

carries nerve impulses to glands, smooth and cardiac muscles and is involuntary control.

Question 4

what does the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 4

• brain

- spinal cord

Question 5

what does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 5

• pairs of nerves that come from spinal cord or the brain.

Question 6

what does the sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 6

increases activity of the effectors e.g when in threatening situations.
Eg:
- increases heart rate 
- pupils dilate 
- bladder contracts 
- increases breathing rate

Question 7

what does the parasymapthetic nervous system do?

Answer 7

inhibits activity and maintains normal psychological functions.
Eg:
- decreases heart rate 
- pupils constrict
- decrease breathing rate
- bladder relaxes
- increases digestive activity

Question 8

name the different parts of the brain and what they control.

Answer 8

Frontal lobe- reasoning, planning, movement, emotions and problem solving.
Parietal lobe- movement, orientation and recognition
Occipital lobe- visual processing
Temporal lobe- memory
Cerebellum- balance, posture, co-ordination, control of skeletal muscles for fine movements
Brain stem- maintains vital functions e.g. breathing and heart rate.

Question 9

what would happen if the brain stem was damaged?

Answer 9

if severe can cause death or coma
if mild can cause issues with motor coordination, voluntary movements, balance etc.. can cause problems with vital functions irregular heart rate.

Question 10

what may the symptoms be to indicate that a particular part of the brain is damaged

Answer 10

Parietal- may be unable to recognise people, unable to process information, may have speech problems
Frontal lobe- memory loss, change in personality, unable to concentrate.
Occipital lobe- unable to see clearly, loose sight
Temporal lobe- problems with long term memory
Cerebellum- unable to balance, loss of control of skeletal muscles and may not have coordination