Nervous system anatomy Flashcards
Which glia functions in the CNS
microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and polydendrocytes
which glia functions in the PNS
schwann cells
Which glia has immune function
microglia
which glia is a stem cell
polydendrocytes
function of ependymal cells
protect brain from infection and block drugs getting into brain
how many pairs of cranial nerves
12
how many pairs of spinal nerves and what are they
31, 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal
what are neural fibres organised in
fascicles
dorsal root and ventral root join to form what
intervertebral foramen and branch into dorsal ramus and ventral ramus
what is plexuses
networks of intersecting spinal nerves
damage to sensory inputs leads to
paraesthesias - abnormal sensation (numbness, sensation)
damage to motor output leads to
paralysis - loss of muscle contraction
what does grey matter consists of
neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and glial cells
what does white matter consists of
myelinated axons organised in columns - funiculi, posterior, lateral and anterior
what do thalamus and hypothalamus make up
diecenphalon
what do brain stem consists of
midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
what is corpus striatum made up
caudate nucleus and putamen
what forms lentiform nucleus
putamen and globus pallidus
function of basal ganglia
motor control, inhibiting unwanted movement
what does the limbic consists of
cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gryus and amygdala
what does cerebellar cortex consists of
granule cells and punkinje cells
function of cerebellum
coordination of movements, control of posture, allow movements to be smooth
what are the cerebral white matter classified as
commissural fibres, association fibres, projection fibres
function of cerebrospinal fluid
provides extra protection for brain, help maintains homeostasis, transport substances
