Nervous system anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Which glia functions in the CNS

A

microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and polydendrocytes

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2
Q

which glia functions in the PNS

A

schwann cells

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3
Q

Which glia has immune function

A

microglia

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4
Q

which glia is a stem cell

A

polydendrocytes

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5
Q

function of ependymal cells

A

protect brain from infection and block drugs getting into brain

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6
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves

A

12

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7
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves and what are they

A

31, 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal

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8
Q

what are neural fibres organised in

A

fascicles

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9
Q

dorsal root and ventral root join to form what

A

intervertebral foramen and branch into dorsal ramus and ventral ramus

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10
Q

what is plexuses

A

networks of intersecting spinal nerves

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11
Q

damage to sensory inputs leads to

A

paraesthesias - abnormal sensation (numbness, sensation)

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12
Q

damage to motor output leads to

A

paralysis - loss of muscle contraction

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13
Q

what does grey matter consists of

A

neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons and glial cells

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14
Q

what does white matter consists of

A

myelinated axons organised in columns - funiculi, posterior, lateral and anterior

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15
Q

what do thalamus and hypothalamus make up

A

diecenphalon

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16
Q

what do brain stem consists of

A

midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

17
Q

what is corpus striatum made up

A

caudate nucleus and putamen

18
Q

what forms lentiform nucleus

A

putamen and globus pallidus

19
Q

function of basal ganglia

A

motor control, inhibiting unwanted movement

20
Q

what does the limbic consists of

A

cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gryus and amygdala

21
Q

what does cerebellar cortex consists of

A

granule cells and punkinje cells

22
Q

function of cerebellum

A

coordination of movements, control of posture, allow movements to be smooth

23
Q

what are the cerebral white matter classified as

A

commissural fibres, association fibres, projection fibres

24
Q

function of cerebrospinal fluid

A

provides extra protection for brain, help maintains homeostasis, transport substances

25
Q

function of lateral ventricles

A

filled with cerebrospinal fluid

26
Q

three connective layer of meninges

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater