Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

There are two types of reactions. Name them.

A

Reflex action and a conscious action

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2
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

A reflex action is when the body needs to react quickly to the stimuli so when sending the electrical impulse through the sensory neurone it bypasses the brain and goes to the spinal cord instead which then sends a quick message back.

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3
Q

In reflex actions does the brain take time to think about what to do?

A

No. The reaction to the stimuli is so quick that there is no thought e.g. If there was a hot flame you’d pull your hand away without thinking about it.

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4
Q

Name the five receptors.

A

Tongue, eyes, nose, skin, ears

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5
Q

what stimuli do the eyes detect

A

light

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6
Q

what stimuli does the tongue detect

A

chemicals

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7
Q

what stimuli do the ears detect

A

sound and orientation

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8
Q

what stimuli does the skin detect

A

pain, temperature and pressure

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9
Q

what stimuli does the nose detect

A

chemicals

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10
Q

what are the three main parts of a nerve cell

A

nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane

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11
Q

where do the sensory neurones carry signals from and to

A

from the receptors to the spinal cord and brain

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12
Q

where do the motor neurones carry signals from and to

A

from the spinal cord and brain to the effector

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13
Q

where do the relay neurones carry messages to and from

A

carry messages from one part of the CNS to another

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14
Q

what is a synapse

A

the gap between two nerves where the chemicals have to diffuse across to pass the message on.

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15
Q

state a simple reflex action

A

stimulus- receptor- sensory neurone- relay neurone- CNS- motor neurone- effector- response

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16
Q

name two examples of reactions

A

a muscle contracting and a gland secreting (releasing) a hormone or chemical

17
Q

what do receptors do

A

they sense changes in our environment