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Lymphatic System > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve net

A

Simple nervous system in invertebrates, diffuse mesh of simple branching nerve cells

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2
Q

Ganglia

A

Distinct Cluster of cell bodies of neurons

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3
Q

Neurons

A

Cells that make up nerves

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4
Q

Neuroglia

A

Nervous tissue cells that structurally and metabolically support neurons, can reproduce

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5
Q

Cell body

A

Nucleus and cytoplasmic components of cell

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6
Q

Dendrites

A

Signal input, slender extension from cell body of neuron

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7
Q

Axon

A

Action potentials, conductors, endings are transmitters

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8
Q

Sensory neurons

A

Detects stimulus and relays info about it

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9
Q

Motor (effector) neurons

A

Relays commands from brain or spinal cord to muscle and gland cells

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10
Q

Interneurons

A

Neuron of brain or spinal cord

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11
Q

Polarization

A

Sodium on outside, potassium on inside, signals transferred from neuron to neuron through action potential

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12
Q

Threshold

A

Minimum amount of change in resting membrane potential that will trigger an action potential

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13
Q

Action potential

A

Abrupt, brief reversal of resting membrane potential of neuron

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14
Q

Hyper polarization

A

Increase in charge difference of action potential

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15
Q

Sodium potassium pump

A

positive Sodium outside, negative potassium inside

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16
Q

Refractory period

A

Interval after an action potential where a patch of neural membrane in insensitive to stimulation

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17
Q

Axon bulb

A

Endings of axons, transmit signals

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18
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Signaling molecules secreted by neurons, acts on cell next to it and then is degraded or recycled

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19
Q

Synaptic integration

A

Combining of all excitatory or inhibitory signals arriving at a neuron

20
Q

Synapse

A

Gap between neurons,

Allows neuron to pass electric or chemical signal to another cell

21
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter in Cns and pns

22
Q

Epinephrine

A

Hormone and neurotransmitter, strong emotions

Adrenaline

23
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter, increases heart rate and sugar level

24
Q

Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitter, happy calm rewards

25
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter, sleep

26
Q

Schwann cells

A

Neuroglia cell that Wraps around axons like a jelly roll

27
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Series of Shwann cells

28
Q

Nodes of rancher

A

Breaks in myelin sheath

29
Q

Salatory conduction

A

Action potentials jumping from node to node

30
Q

Central nervous system

A

Brain and spinal cord

31
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves and ganglia leading into and out of CNS

32
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Nerves leading from Cns to skeletal muscles

33
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Nerves going to smooth muscles in organs

34
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Autonomic nerves that deal with times of heightened awareness

35
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Autonomic, slows body activities to focus on basic tasks

36
Q

Afferent

A

Conveying impulses to Cns

37
Q

Efferent

A

Acting out signals from Cns

38
Q

Cerebrum

A

Voluntary activities
Sensory information
Largest

39
Q

Cellebellum

A

Muscle activity and refinement of movement

Coordination

40
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Homeostasis
Secretes hormones
Regulates pituitary gland

41
Q

Medulla

A

Involuntary actions

42
Q

Pons

A

Connects parts of brain

Contains respiratory center

43
Q

Midbrain

A

Visual and auditory reflexes

44
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory relay center for conducting information between spinal cord and cerebrum

45
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Thin surface area of cerebral hemispheres, coordinates responses to sensory info

46
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Band of axons linking 2 cerebral hemispheres

Lymphatic System (3 decks)

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