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Anatomical Sciences > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the brainstem

A

midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata

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2
Q

what are the 3 fissures in the cerebrum

A

longitudinal, lateral, transveres

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3
Q

what does the longitudinal fissure seperate

A

left and right

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4
Q

what does the lateral fissure seperate

A

cerebellum and the temporal lobe from the frontal lobe

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5
Q

what does the transverse lobe seperate

A

cerebellum from the cerebrum

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6
Q

what are cerebral gyri

A

coiled structures

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7
Q

what are cerebral sulci

A

grooves

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8
Q

what are deeps sulci called

A

fissures

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9
Q

how many lobes is the cortex divided into

A

5

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10
Q

what does the frontal lobe do

A

movement and motor control, personality, mood, motivation

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11
Q

what does the parietal lobe do

A

recieves sensory info

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12
Q

what does the occipital lobe do

A

visual

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13
Q

what does the temportal lobe do

A

hearing and memory

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14
Q

what are the primary areas of the brain

A

motor cortex,sensory cortex, auditory cortex, visual cortex

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15
Q

what are the secondary areas and what do they do

A

brocas region- language expression
wernickes reagion- language comprehension
frontal- judgement, motor planning and personality
visual association- auditory memories, object recognition
posterior- spatial awareness of surroundings

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16
Q

What is the 5th lobe?

A

the limbic system, basic survival functions like memory, reproduction, nutrition, motivation and emotions

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17
Q

What protects the brain and how

A

Cranium/skull- hard
Meninges- layers containing CSF
CSF- suspends the brian allowing movement
Blood-brain barrier- protects from microorganisms and toxins

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18
Q

what is the structures of the meninges?

A

dura, arachnoid and pia mater. the pia form 2 grooves called the fals cerbri and tentorium cerebelli. subdural space between the dura and arachnoids. space betweeen arachnoid and pia called the subarachnoid space (filled with CSF)

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19
Q

Which is the biggest ventricle

A

lateral

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20
Q

where is the 3rd ventricle and what is it attached to

A

in the middle of the brain, attached to the 4th ventricles which attaches to the mesencephaluc aqueduct

21
Q

what does the 4th ventrical connect to?

A

central canal

22
Q

what forsm CSF?

A

choroid plexus

23
Q

what moves the CSF a

A

epenedymal cells

24
Q

what are some parts of the basal ganglie

A

striatum: putamen, caudate nuclei and globus pallidus

25
Q

that does the thalamus do?

A

tells signals where to go

26
Q

what does the corpus callosum do

A

connects hemispheres and relays information between them

27
Q

what does the midbrain do

A

reaction to stimuli

28
Q

what does the pons do

A

sleep and respiration

29
Q

what does the medulla do

A

coordinate movement

30
Q

what does the cerebrum do

A

coordinates movements

31
Q

what are the types of important cell

A
  1. astrocytes
  2. microglia
  3. neurone
  4. myelin sheath
  5. oligodendrocytes
32
Q

what is the PNS divided into

A

somatic and autonomic

33
Q

what is the somatic NS and how many motor neurones does it have

A

NS we control and 1 motor neurone

34
Q

what is the autonimic nervous systema nd how many nerves does it have

A

we can’t control it and it is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic. there is a ganglion between pre and post ganglionic neurones

35
Q

what is the SNS responsible for

A

fight or flight

36
Q

whats is the PNS responsible for

A

rest and digest

37
Q

what’s the different between sensory neuroones, motor neurones and interneurones

A

sensory neurone- recieves info
motor neuron- goes to the effector
interneurone- sits in-between them

38
Q

what are the 3 different structural classifications of neurones

A

multipolar, bipolar and pseudo-unipolar

39
Q

what are multipolar neurones

A

many branches from the cell body

most common

40
Q

what are bipolar neurones

A

2 branches from one axon. usuall found in specisl organs like eyes/retina

41
Q

what are pseuo-unipolar neurones

A

once branch coming out that then branches into 2. can only be sensory cells

42
Q

what are the 2 glial cells in the PNS

A

satellite cells along the ganglion and swann cells along the axon

43
Q

which nerves are mainly in the sympathetic NS

A

mainly thoracic and lumbar areas

44
Q

which nerves are mainly in the PSN

A

cranial

45
Q

what neurotransmitters does SNS release and what is the exception

A

Ach then noradrenaline. Exception is sweat glands

46
Q

What neurotransmitters does PNS release

A

Ach

47
Q

what is dual innervation?

A

systems can be innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic but with opposite affects

48
Q

What type or neurone is mainly in the CNS (GABA or Glu)

A

GABA

Anatomical Sciences (6 decks)

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