Nervous System Flashcards
Nervous System
master controlling and communicating system of the body
Sensory Input
information that the body gathers
Integration
activates receptors or glands
central nervous system
consists of the brain and the spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
consists mainly of the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord
autonomic nervous system
regulates involuntary events
neuroglia
support, protect, and insulate neurons
astrocytes
star shaped cells that account for nearly half the neural tissue
Somatic Nervous system
allows us to consciously control our skeletal muscles
microglia
spider like phagocytes that dispose of debris
ependymal cells
glial cells that line the cavities of the brain and the spinal cord
oligodendrocytes
glia that wrap their flat extension tightly around the nerve fibers
Schwann cells
form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers
satellite cells
act as protective cushioning cells
neurons
transmit nerve impulses across the body
dendrites
generate nervous impulses toward the cell body
axons
generate nervous impulses away from the cell body
axon hillock
cone like region in the cell body where the axon is
axon terminals
axon branches out with lots of axon terminals
myelin
whitish, fatty material that covers most long nerve fibers
nodes of Ranvier
gaps or indentations in myelin sheath
depolarization
inward rush of sodium ions
action potential
different ions cross the neuron membrane
repolarization
change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value
cerebrum
responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functions
parietal lobe
concerned with the reception and correlation of sensory information
