Nervous System

Question 1

The master controlling and communicating system of the body.

Answer 1

Nervous system

Question 2

Gathered information

Answer 2

Sensory input

Question 3

Processes and interprets the sensory input and makes decisions about what should be done at each moment.

Answer 3

Integration

Question 4

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 4

Central nervous system

Question 5

The part of the nervous system outside the CNS, consists of the nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 5

Peripheral nervous system

Question 6

Consists of nerve fibers that convey impulses to the CNS from sensory receptors located in various places.

Answer 6

Afferent

Question 7

Carries impulses from the CNS to effector organs, the muscles and glands.

Answer 7

Efferent

Question 8

Allows us to consciously, or voluntarily, control our skeletal muscles.

Answer 8

Somatic nervous system

Question 9

Regulates events that are automatic, or involuntary, such as the activity of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands..

Answer 9

Autonomic nervous system

Question 10

When supporting cells in the CNS are “glued” together.

Answer 10

Neuroglia

Question 11

Abundant star-shaped cells that account for nearly half of the neural tissue.

Answer 11

Astrocytes

Question 12

Spider-like phagocytes that dispose of debris, including dead brain cells and bacteria.

Answer 12

Microglia

Question 13

These glial cells line the cavities of the brain and the spinal cord.

Answer 13

Ependymal cells

Question 14

Glia that wrap their flat extensions tightly around the nerve fibers, producing fatty insulating coverings called myelin sheaths.

Answer 14

Oligodendrocytes

Question 15

Form the myelin sheaths around nerve fibers that are found in the PNS.

Answer 15

Schwann cells

Question 16

Protective, cushioning cells.

Answer 16

Satellite cells

Question 17

Also called nerve cells, are highly specialized to transmit messages from one part of the body to another.

Answer 17

Neurons

Question 18

Neuron processes that convey incoming messages toward the cell body.

Answer 18

Dendrites

Question 19

Like dendrites, but the nerve impulses conduct them away from the cell body.

Answer 19

Axon

Question 20

Cone-like region of the cell body.

Answer 20

Axon hillock

Question 21

An occasional axon gives off a collateral branch along its length, but all axons branch profusely at their terminal end, forming hundreds to thousands of these

Answer 21

Axon terminals

Question 22

Terminals that contain hundreds of tiny vesicles, or membranous sacs, that contain these chemicals.

Answer 22

Neurotransmitters

Question 23

Long nerve fibers are covered with this whitish, fatty material.

Answer 23

Myelin

Question 24

Tight coil of wrapped membranes

Answer 24

Myelin sheath

Question 25

Formed by many Schwann cells, has gaps

Answer 25

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 26

Inward rush of sodium ions

Answer 26

Depolarization

Question 27

local depolarization activates the neuron to initiate and transmit a long distance signal called this

Answer 27

Action potential

Question 28

Outflow of positive ions from the cell restores the electrical conditions at the membrane to the polarized or resting state called:

Answer 28

Repolarization

Question 29

the paired cerebral hemispheres

Answer 29

Cerebrum

Question 30

Where the somatic sensory are is located and posterior to the central sulcus.

Answer 30

Parietal Lobe

Question 31

Each of the paired lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead

Answer 31

Frontal Lobe

Question 32

the rearmost lobe in each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.

Answer 32

Occipital Lobe

Question 33

each of the paired lobes of the brain lying beneath the temples, including areas concerned with the understanding of speech.

Answer 33

Temporal Lobe

Question 34

the darker tissue of the brain and spinal cord, consisting mainly of nerve cell bodies and branching dendrites.

Answer 34

Gray matter

Question 35

White matter is composed of bundles of myelinated nerve cell projections , which connect various grey matter areas of the brain to each other, and carry nerve impulses between neurons.

Answer 35

Cerebral White matter

Question 36

the part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.

Answer 36

Cerebellum