Nervous System

Question 1

What is a neuron?

Answer 1

A basic cell of the nervous system which carries impulses around the body

Question 2

What’s a receptor?

Answer 2

A special sensory cell that detects changes in the environment

Question 3

What is a nerve?

Answer 3

A bundle of hundreds or thousands of neurons

Question 4

What is the central nervous system?

Answer 4

Your Brain and spinal cord (used for processing information)

Question 5

What is a sensory neuron?

Answer 5

A neuron which carries impulses from a sensory organ to the central nervous system

Question 6

What’s an effector organ?

Answer 6

Muscles and glands that respond to impulses from the nervous system

Question 7

What is a motor neuron

Answer 7

A neuron that carries impulses from the central nervous system to the effector organs

Question 8

What is a reflex?

Answer 8

A rapid automatic response of the nervous system that doesn’t involve conscious thought

Question 9

What is the reflex arc?

Answer 9

The sense organ, densely neuron, relay neuron, motto neuron, and effort or organ which brings out a reflex action

Question 10

What a synapses?

Answer 10

The gap between neurons where the transmission of information is chemical rather than electrical

Question 11

What are the root like appendages callers around the cytoplasm and nucleus of a nerve cell?

Answer 11

Dendrites

Question 12

What covers the nucleus on a nerve cell?

Answer 12

Cytoplasm

Question 13

What is the long tail called on a nerve cell?

Answer 13

The axon

Question 14

What covers the axon and protects are body from electrical impulses in a nerve cell?

Answer 14

The myelin sheath

Question 15

What are the root like appendages at the end of the axon on a nerve cell called?

Answer 15

Dendrites

Question 16

Describe thermoregulation (high body temperature)

Answer 16

Body temp high

Hypothalamus in brain detects change

Hairs flatten so air isn’t trapped to insulate

Sweat absorbs heat

Vasodilation (widening blood vessels)

Body temperature decreases

Question 17

Describe thermoregulation (low body temp)

Answer 17

Body temperature low

Hypothalamus detects change

Hairs rise to trap air

Shivering makes heat

Vasoconstriction (vessels narrow)

Body temperature increases

Question 18

Describe osmoregulation (water high)

Answer 18

Over hydrated

Pituitary gland releases less hormone ADH

Kidneys reabsorb les water and ions

Excess water excretes (urine)

Less water taken in through drink food and respiration

Water ion balance decreases

Question 19

Describe osmoregulation water balance low

Answer 19

Dehydration

Pituitary gland releases more hormone ADH

Kidneys reabsorb more water ions

Less water excreted in urine

More water taken in through drink food and respiration

Water and ion balance increases

Question 20

Describe how our bodies deal with high glucose levels

Answer 20

Glucose levels high

Insulin released by pancreas, inhibiting glucagon

Glucose taken in by tissue cells for energy

Glucose take in by liver to be stored as glycogen

Blood glucose levels fall

Question 21

Describe how our body deals with low glucose levels

Answer 21

Glucose levels low

Glucagon released by pancreas, inhibiting insulin

Glycogen in liver broken down into glucose and released into blood

Blood glucose levels rise

Question 22

Describe the sensory arc

Answer 22

Stimulus
   v
Sensory receptor
   v
sensory neuron
   v
Relay neuron
   v
Motor neuron
   v
Motor end plate
   v
Effector organ

Question 23

What is an impulse?

Answer 23

An electrical signal carried along the neurons