Nervous System Flashcards
0
Q
Cerebr/o
A
Cerebrum, brain
1
Q
Caus/o
A
Burning, burn
2
Q
Concuss/o
A
Shacked together, violently agitated
3
Q
Contus/o
A
Bruise
4
Q
Encephal/o
A
Brain
5
Q
-esthesia
A
Sensation, feeling
6
Q
Esthet/o
A
Feeling, nervous sensation, since of perception
7
Q
-graphy
A
The process of producing a picture or record
8
Q
Mening/o
A
Membranes, meninges
9
Q
Myel/o
A
Spinal cord, gown marrow
10
Q
Neur/I, neur/o
A
Nerve, nerve tissue
11
Q
Phobia
A
Abnormal fear
12
Q
Psych/o
A
Mind
13
Q
Radicul/o
A
Root or nerve root
14
Q
Tropic
A
Having an affinity for
15
Q
Bell’s palsy
A
Temporary paralysis only on the affected side of the face
16
Q
Causalgia
A
Persistent severe burning pain usually following an injury to a sensory nerve
17
Q
Encephalitis
A
Inflammation of the brain
18
Q
Epilepsy
A
A chronic Neurologic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizure of varying severity
19
Q
Hallucination
A
A sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulation
20
Q
Hydrocephalus
A
A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates within the ventricles of the brain
21
Q
Myelitis
A
Inflammation of the spinal cord, inflammation of the bone marrow
22
Q
Sciatica
A
Inflammation of the sciatic nerves that results in pain burning and tingling along the course of the affected nerve
23
Q
Trigeminal neuralgia
A
Inflammation if the 5th cranial nerve characterized by sudden intense brief attacks of sharp pain on one side of the face
24
Central nervous system
Includes brain and spinal cord. Receive and process information and regulate bodily activity
25
Peripheral nervous system
Includes 12 pairs or cranial verses and 31 paired spinal nerves. Transmits signals from the central nervous system
26
Nerve
One or more bundles of neurons that connect the brain and spinal cord with other parts of the body
27
Ganglion
Is a nerve center made up of a cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system
28
Reflex
An automatic response to some change either inside or outside the body
29
Types of neurons "ACE"
Afferent neurons
Connecting neurons
Efferent neurons
30
Neuron functions "SAM"
Sensory neurons - run from sensory organs and skin to brain/spinal
Associative neurons -link afferent and efferent neurons
Motor neurons - carry impulses away from brainy words muscles/glands
31
Neurons
The basic cells of the nervous system that allow different parts of the body to communicate
32
Dendrites
Root-like processes that receive impulses and conduct them to a body cell
33
Axon
Conducts impulses away from nerve cell
34
Synapse
The space between two neurons or between a neuron and receptor organ.
35
Neurotransmitter
Chemicals substances that make it possible for a Message to to cross from the synapses of a neuron to the target receptor.
36
Serotonin
Released in the brain, has roles in sleep, hunger, and pleasure
37
Myelin sheath
A protective covering made up of glial cells. Nerve fibers that are myelinated are called white matter.
38
Glial cells
Provide support and protection for neurons
39
Meninges
The system of membranes that enclose the brain and spinal cord
40
dura mater
the thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges
41
arachnoid membrane
resembles a spider web - the second layer of the meninges and located between the dura mater and pia mater
42
pia mater
the third layer of meninges - located nearest to the brain and spinal cord
43
cerebrospinal fluid
also know as spinal, is produced by special capillaries within the four ventricles
44
cerebrum
is the largest and upper most portion of the brain
45
thalamus
relays sensory stimuli from the spinal cord and midbrain to the cerebral cortex
46
hypothalamus
regulates emotion, body, temp, hunger, thirst, sleep and automatic nervous system
47
cerebellum
coordinates muscular activity and balance for smooth and steady movement
48
brain stem
controls functions for survival - breathing,digestion, heart rate, bp and arousal
49
autonomic nervous system
controls the involuntary actions of the body such as internal organs
50
sympathetic nerves
prepare the body for emergencies and stress by increasing the breathing rate - fight or flight
51
parasympathetic nerves
return body to normal after response to stress
52
cephalalgia
also know as headache
53
encephalocele
a congenital herniation of brain tissue through gap in skull
54
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
55
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain that can be caused by a viral infection like rabies
56
tetanus
also know as lock jaw caused by a toxin produced tetanus bacteria
57
Tourette's syndrome
involuntary tics, grunts, and compulsive utterances that sometimes include obscenities
58
Alzheimer's
disorder involving parts of the brain that control though, memory, and language
59
Parkinson's
chronic degenerative central nervous disorder with fine muscle tremors, rigidity,and slow gait
60
concussion
a violent shaking up or jarring of the brain
61
cranial hematoma
is a collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain
62
shaken baby syndrome
a child being violently shaken by someone. can cause brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis and death.
63
level of consciousness
the measurement of response to arousal and stimulus
64
lethargy
lowered level of consciousness marked as listlessness, drowsiness and apathy
65
coma
a profound deep state of unconsciousness absent of spontaneous eye movement correspond to painful stimuli
66
ischemic stroke
the mist common type of stroke in older people caused by narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery
67
transient ischemic attack
referred to as mini-stroke temp interruption in the blood supply to the brain
68
Guillain-Barré syndrome
inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves
69
electroencephalography
the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use electrodes attached to the scalp
70
epidural anesthesia
regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the epidural space of the lumbar
71
local anesthesia
causes the loss of sensation in a limited area by injecting an anesthetic solution
72
anxiety disorder
mental condition characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations or fear that is out of proportion
73
generalized anxiety disorder
chronic, excessive worrying
74
autism
significant development delays including speech and language
75
Asperger's syndrome
normal or above average intelligence but are impaired in social interactions and non verbal communication
76
factitious disease
a condition which an individual acts if she has a physical or mental illness when she isn't really sick
77
dysthymia
a low grade chronic depression with symptoms that are milder than those of severe depression but majority of days
78
psychotic disorder
is the loss of contact with reality and deterioration of normal socail functions
79
schizophrenia
psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusion and hallucinations
80
somatoform disorder
physical complaints or concerns about ones body that are out of proportion to any physical findings or disease
81
delirium tremens
disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures cause by abruptly stopping use of alcohol
82
poliomyelitis
contagious viral infection of the brainstem and spinal cord which can lead to paralysis
83
somnambulism
sleepwalking
84
paresthesia
burning or prickling sensations that is usually felt in hands, arms, legs or feet
