Nervous System 2 Flashcards
What divides the two lateral ventricles?
Septum pellucidum
How are the two lateral ventricles connected
Through the interventricular foramen, in the third ventricle
What connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle?
Cerebral aqueduct
What stabilizes the shape and position of the brain?
the meninges and cerebrospinal fluid
What is the function of the meninges?
surround the brain and act as shock absorbers
What are the two layers of the cranial dura mater?
Periosteal cranial dura (outermost)
Meningeal cranial dura (innermost) - folds and extends into the cranial cavities at four locations to support the brain and limit movement.
Separated by space containing interstitial fluid and blood vessels, and dural sinuses
What are dural sinuses?
located between the two dura mater layers (periosteal cranial dura and meningeal cranial dura). Act as large collecting veins where veins of the brain empty into the sinuses to be transported to the jugular veins of the neck.
What are the four extensions of the Meningeal cranial dura?
Falx cerebri - fold between the cerebral hemispheres in the longitudinal fissure. Houses the superior and interior sagittal sinuses
Tentorium cerebelli - separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum, and supports the occipital lobes if the cerebrum. Houses the transverse sinus.
Falx Cerebelli - divides the two cerebellar hemispheres
Diaphragma Sellae
What Cranial nerves have a nuclei in the Pons?
What is the function of the superior colliculi?
What is the function of the inferior colliculi?
What cranial nerves have a nuclei in the Midbrain?
What are the parts of the diencephalon and their main functions?
Epithalamus - contains pineal gland
Thalamus - sensory information relay and processing centres
Hypothalamus - Visceral control, emotion, autonomic nervous system, hormone production, passage for pituitary
What are the main functions of the cerebellum?
Adjust motor activities based on sensory information, and memories from learned movement
What does the Cerebellum connect to?
Cerebellar peduncles connect the cerebellum to the midbrain, diencephalon, and cerebrum (superior peduncles), pons (middle peduncles), and medulla oblongata and spinal cord (inferior peduncles)
What connective tissue structure separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum? What is found in this structure?
Tentorium cerebelli
What structure partially separates the two cerebellar hemispheres?
Vermis
What would happen with a dysfunctional cerebellum?
uncoordinated movement, motor programs
What is Ataxia?
What is hemispheric lateralization
each hemisphere is responsible for specific functions not included in other hemisphere
What is Wernicke’s area
Language comprehension. Plays role in personality through combining sensory information and memories
What is Broca’s area?
Speech production through regulation of breathing patterns and vocalization
Where does central white matter carry information to and from?
Association fibres - interconnect areas within one cortex hemisphere
Commissural fibres - connect two cerebral hemispheres
Projection fibres - connect to other regions of the brain and spinal cord
What are basal nuclei?
What is the indicated structure?
Occipital Lobe
What is the indicated structure?
Parietal Lobe
What is the indicated structure?
Temporal Lobe
What is the indicated structure?
Anterior Commissure
What is the indicated structure?
Cerebral Aqueduct
What is the indicated structure?
Choroid Plexus
What is the indicated structure?
Corpus Callosum
What is the indicated structure?
Dura Mater
What is the indicated structure?
Fourth Ventricle
What is the indicated structure?
Lateral Ventricle
What is the indicated structure?
Mammillary Body
What is the indicated structure?
Medulla Oblongata
What is the indicated structure?
Midbrain
What is the indicated structure?
Oculomotor Nerve