Nervous System

Question 1

Diencephalon- Thalamus

Answer 1

Receives input from the visual, auditory, taste, and somatosensory areas, sending to cerebrum

Question 2

Hypothalamus

Answer 2

Regulates sleeps, thirst, hunger, temperature, blood pressure, and water balance
Produces the hormone ADH

Question 3

Pineal gland

Answer 3

Secretes hormone melatonin to regulate body’s daily rhythms (sleep and wake cycle)

Question 4

Brain Stem

Answer 4

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata

Question 5

Midbrain

Answer 5

Relay station between the Cerebrum and Spinal cord

Question 6

Pons

Answer 6

contain axons that travel from the cerebellum to rest of CNS, working with medulla O. to control breathing

Question 7

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 7

contains many reflex centres controlling heartbeat and respiration
coughing
swallowing
vomiting
sneezing
hiccuping

Question 8

Corpus Callosum

Answer 8

A bridge of white matter which passes information between left and right of cerebral hemispheres

Question 9

Limbic system- func & struc

Answer 9

Hippocampus & Amygdala
Learning and Memory, responds to and displays anger/fear

Question 10

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 10

PNS consists of a collection of nerves that project out of brain and spinal cord

Question 11

Cranial nerves

Answer 11

Serves the brain, face, neck, and internal organs

Question 12

Spinal nerves

Answer 12

2 short branches (dorsal and ventral) leave spinal cord, joining as one

Question 13

PNS can be broken into

Answer 13

Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary) nervous systems

Question 14

Somatic NS

Answer 14

serves skin, skeletal muscles, and tendons. Sensory information is sent to the CNS and sends motor commands to skeletal muscles
NT ACh

Question 15

Autonomic NS

Answer 15

Functions automatically, innervating the heart, glands, and internal organs. Each signal is passed through 2 motor neurons to an effector

Question 16

Sympathetic NS

Answer 16

Nerves leave the middle part of the spinal cord. The preganglionic motor neuron is short, while the postganglionic neuron is long. Fight or flight response

Question 17

Parasympathetic NS

Answer 17

Nerves leave the cranium of the spinal cord. Keeps or returns organs to a relaxed state. Promotes digestion, slows HR after stressful situation, causing pupil to contract

Question 18

Cerebellum

Answer 18

Receives sensory input from joints and muscles to control balance. Maintains posture

Question 19

Temporal Lobe

Answer 19

auditory area receives information from ears; Wernicke’s area (L hemisphere): helps understand written and spoken words

Question 20

Occipital Lobe

Answer 20

Dedicated to sight, visual area

Question 21

Parietal Lobe

Answer 21

somatosensory cortex receives sensory information (touch, temperature, and pain) from skin and skeletal muscles

Question 22

Frontal Lobe

Answer 22

motor cortex controls skeletal muscles. Behaviour and emotional control centre (personality). Broca’s area (L hemisphere) associated in refining grammar/controls speech

Question 23

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 23

Outer layer of the brain, motor cortex sends info out

Question 25

Cerebrum

Answer 25

largest part of brain