Nervous System Flashcards
specialized cells that help you gather information about your environment, interpret the information, and react to it
Neurons (Nerve Cells)
Send messages from all the senses to the brain
Sensory Neurons
Carry both sensory and motor nerve impulses
Interneurons
Interprets the information and send it to the motor neurons
Brain
Carry messages from the brain to all the muscles
Motor Neurons
are cellular extensions with many branches where most of the input to the neuron occurs
Dendrites
is the central part of the neuron which contains the nucleus, other organelles and it is where protein synthesis occurs
Soma (Cell Body)
is a finer cable-like projection which extend tens, hundreds, or even ten thousand times the diameter of soma in length. It carries nerves signals away from the soma.
Axon
is a protective membrane that wraps around part of certain nerve cells
Myelin sheath
What known disease damages or destroy myelin?
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
affects how fast signals travel through those nerve cells
Myelin
is a small gap at the end of a neuron that allows a signal to pass from one neuron to the next
Synapse
What are the two parts of the Nervous System?
Central Nervous System (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What are the two major structures of the CNS?
brain and spinal cord
- responsible for carrying motor and sensory information, voluntary muscle movement
- made up of nerves that connect to skin, sensory organs, and skeletal muscles
- processes sensory info from external stimuli (hearing, touch, sight)
Somatic Nervous System
