DNA Flashcards
What is the orientation of DNA Structure
Anti-Parallel
The nitrogenous bases of the double
helix DNA structure are joined
together by what bond
Hydrogen bonds
Cytosine and Guanine are joined by how many hydrogen bonds?
3
Adenine and Thymine are joined by how many hydrogen bonds?
2
Who is the biochemist in the 1920s that determined the basic structure of nucleotides that make up DNA.
Phoebus Aaron Levene
DNA is made up of basic units called?
it is also the sub-units of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
The parental DNA separates and serves as templates to produce two daughter DNA. What DNA replication model is this?
semi-conservative
Strand that moves away from the replication fork?
Lagging strand
Strand that moves towards from the replication fork?
Leading Strand
Unwinds the parental double helix at replication fork
DNA Helicase
Binds to and stabilizes single strand DNA during replication
Single-strand binding protein
Relieves overwinding strain ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
Topoisomerase
Synthesizes an RNA Primer
Primase
Synthesizes a new DNA strand
DNA Pol 3
Removes RNA nucleotides
DNA Pol 1
Joins okazaki fragments
DNA ligase
Most common molecules found in cells
Proteins
a sequence of three nucleotides found
at a specific site on a transfer RNA molecule to
complement a specific messenger RNA codon
Anticodon
the enzyme that
synthesizes RNA from DNA
RNA Polymerase
a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA
that code for an amino acid or a stop signal.
are the basic component of the genetic code
Codons
sections of the mRNA template
that are cut out prior to translation into
protein and, hence, do not code for
amino acids
Introns
sections of the mRNA template
that code for amino acids
Exons
Carries genetic information from
DNA in the nucleus to direct
protein synthesis in the cytoplasm
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Transports amino acids
to the ribosome
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Associates with protein to
form the ribosome
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
