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SCIENCE > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the orientation of DNA Structure

A

Anti-Parallel

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2
Q

The nitrogenous bases of the double
helix DNA structure are joined
together by what bond

A

Hydrogen bonds

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3
Q

Cytosine and Guanine are joined by how many hydrogen bonds?

A

3

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4
Q

Adenine and Thymine are joined by how many hydrogen bonds?

A

2

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5
Q

Who is the biochemist in the 1920s that determined the basic structure of nucleotides that make up DNA.

A

Phoebus Aaron Levene

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6
Q

DNA is made up of basic units called?

it is also the sub-units of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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7
Q

The parental DNA separates and serves as templates to produce two daughter DNA. What DNA replication model is this?

A

semi-conservative

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8
Q

Strand that moves away from the replication fork?

A

Lagging strand

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9
Q

Strand that moves towards from the replication fork?

A

Leading Strand

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10
Q

Unwinds the parental double helix at replication fork

A

DNA Helicase

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11
Q

Binds to and stabilizes single strand DNA during replication

A

Single-strand binding protein

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12
Q

Relieves overwinding strain ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands

A

Topoisomerase

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13
Q

Synthesizes an RNA Primer

A

Primase

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14
Q

Synthesizes a new DNA strand

A

DNA Pol 3

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15
Q

Removes RNA nucleotides

A

DNA Pol 1

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16
Q

Joins okazaki fragments

A

DNA ligase

17
Q

Most common molecules found in cells

A

Proteins

18
Q

a sequence of three nucleotides found
at a specific site on a transfer RNA molecule to
complement a specific messenger RNA codon

A

Anticodon

19
Q

the enzyme that
synthesizes RNA from DNA

A

RNA Polymerase

20
Q

a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA
that code for an amino acid or a stop signal.
are the basic component of the genetic code

A

Codons

21
Q

sections of the mRNA template
that are cut out prior to translation into
protein and, hence, do not code for
amino acids

A

Introns

22
Q

sections of the mRNA template
that code for amino acids

A

Exons

23
Q

Carries genetic information from
DNA in the nucleus to direct
protein synthesis in the cytoplasm

A

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

24
Q

Transports amino acids
to the ribosome

A

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

25
Q

Associates with protein to
form the ribosome

A

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

SCIENCE (4 decks)

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