Nervous system

Question 1

Golgi tendon body

Answer 1

proprioceptor for tendons to sense tension

Question 2

Muscle spindle fibers

Answer 2

proprioceptor in muscles to sense muscle length

Question 3

Basic unit of nerve and parts

Answer 3

neuron
dendrites-receives input
body- main part with nucleus and organelles.
axon- output

Question 4

Schwann cells

Answer 4

have nucleus and cytoplasm. Protects and insulates some nerve cells and increases transmission with nodes of Ranvier.

Question 5

stretch reflex

Answer 5

Protective muscle contraction that occurs when muscle is stretched too far too fast
When dr taps knee

Question 6

tendon reflex

Answer 6

Golgi’s monitor tension
tells muscle it is not in danger when tendon is stretched slow and gentle tension

Question 7

flexor reflex

Answer 7

“Withdrawal reflex”
spinal reflex usually in response to a painful stimuli

Question 8

meninges

Answer 8

Dura
arachnoid
pia
Protection and contains CSF

Question 9

what is the cerubrum

Answer 9

Largest
Brain part
divided by corpus colosum

Question 10

cerebullum

Answer 10

Equilibrium, balance and muscle coordination

Question 11

Brainstem

Answer 11

Midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata
responsible for hearing, vision, breathing, sleep cycles and organ activity

Question 12

diecephalon

Answer 12

hypothalamus-homeostasis, hunger, thirst, pain, sexual behavior, body temp and emotions
thalamus-sensory input and redirecting to cerebrum

Question 13

myelin vs nonmyelinated

Answer 13

insulated tissue-schwann cells
transmits impulses faster
schwann cells have their own nucleus and cytoplasm called the neurilemma
Nodes of Ranvier

Question 14

Exteroceptors

Answer 14

responds to stimuli from external environment,

Question 15

interoceptors

Answer 15

detects stimuli such as pressure within organs and blood vessels

Question 16

Merkel cells

Answer 16

exteroceptor
found in lower layer of epidermis
detects light touch

Question 17

Meissner’s cells

Answer 17

exteroceptor
found in upper dermis in hands, lips, feet, and genital organs
detect very light touch

Question 18

Ruffini end organs

Answer 18

exteroceptor
found in dermis
detect heat and strong or continuous pressure

Question 19

Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 19

exteroceptor
deep dermis
sense vibration and deep pressure

Question 20

CNS

Answer 20

brain and spinal cord
brains four sections:
cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, diencephalon

Question 21

Dermatomes

Answer 21

Zones of the skin supplied by a specific spinal nerve root

Question 22

Effector of the somatic nervous system

Answer 22

skeletal muscles

Question 23

motor unit

Answer 23

motor neuron and all the muscle cells it controls

Question 24

what is a function of the quality of actin and myosin filaments within a cell

Answer 24

Strength

Question 25

Neurological memory- nerve track

Answer 25

“groove” that involves chemical and anatomical changes that reinforce learning

Question 26

effects of massage on nervous system

Answer 26

increase dopamine, endorphins, enkephalins, oxytocin, & serotonin
Decreases cortisol and substance P

Question 27

Astrocytes

Answer 27

supports and anchors nerve cells to blood capillaries

Question 28

Ependymal

Answer 28

lines the brain and spinal cord cavity to help circulate CSF

Question 29

Microglia

Answer 29

phagocytes that consume cellular debris

Question 30

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 30

fatty cells that wrap around nerves in the CNS to create myelin sheath for insulation