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Anatomy and Physiology - Lecture > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous tissue is made up of just two principal types of cells:

A
  • NEUROGLIA
  • NEURONS
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2
Q

small cells that surround and wrap the more delicate
neurons

A

NEUROGLIA

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3
Q

nerve cells that are excitable (responsive to stimuli) and transmit electrical signals

A

NEURONS

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4
Q

is the master integrating and coordinating system, continuously monitoring and processing sensory information both from the external environment and from within the body

A

nervous system

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5
Q

Two primary divisions make up the nervous system:

A
  • Central Nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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6
Q

consisting of the brain and spinal cord

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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7
Q

include nerves, sensory receptors, and some clusters of neuron cell bodies

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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8
Q

neuroglia or

A

glial cells

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9
Q

Neuroglia of the CNS include

A
  • Astrocytes
  • Microglial cells
  • Ependymal cells
  • Oligodendrocytes
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10
Q

The neuroglia found in the PNS include

A

Satellite cells
Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes)

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11
Q

are the most abundant CNS neuroglia

A

Astrocytes

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12
Q

are defensive cells in the CNS

A

Microglial cells

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13
Q

line cerebrospinal fluid–filled cavities

A

Ependymal cells

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14
Q

have processes that form myelin sheaths around CNS nerve fibers

A

Oligodendrocytes

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15
Q

Oligodendrocytes have processes that form ________________ around CNS nerve fibers

A

myelin sheaths

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16
Q

surround neurons in the PNS

A

Satellite cells and Schwann cells

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17
Q

form myelin in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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18
Q

receptive regions

A

Dendrites

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19
Q

biosynthetic center and receptive region

A

Cell body

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20
Q

The nervous system has three overlapping functions:

A
  1. Sensory input
  2. Integration
  3. Motor output
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21
Q

In the PNS, clusters of neuron cell bodies are called

A

ganglia

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22
Q

The nervous system uses its millions of sensory receptors to monitor changes occurring both inside and outside the body. The gathered information is called

A

sensory input

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23
Q

The nervous system processes and interprets sensory input and decides what should be done at each moment—a process called

A

integration

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24
Q

The nervous system activates effector organs—the muscles and glands—to cause a response, called

A

motor output

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25
Q

what are the effector organs that the nervous system activates

A

muscles and glands

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26
Q

PNS includes

A

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

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27
Q

communication lines between the CNA and the rest of the body

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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28
Q

sensory (afferent) division

A

somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers

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29
Q

includes somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers

A

sensory (afferent) division

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30
Q

conducts impulses from receptors to the CNS

A

sensory (afferent) division

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31
Q

includes motor nerve fibers

A

motor (efferent) division

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32
Q

motor (efferent) division includes

A

motor nerve fibers

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33
Q

conducts impulses form the CNS to effectors

A

motor (efferent) division

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34
Q

somatic motor is

A

voluntary

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35
Q

somatic nervous system includes

A

somatic motor

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36
Q

autonomic nervous system includes

A

visceral motor

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37
Q

visceral motor is

A

involuntary

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38
Q

conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles

A

somatic nervous system

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39
Q

conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glad

A

autonomic nervous system

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40
Q

mobilizes body systems during activity

A

sympathetic division

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41
Q
  • conserves energy
  • promotes house-keeping functions during rest
A

parasympathetic division

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42
Q

A junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron to the next or from a neuron to an effector cell

A

Synapse

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43
Q

Types of Synapses:

A

A. Axodendritic Synapse
B. Axosomatic Synapse
C. Axoaxonal Synapse

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44
Q

the neuron conducting impulses toward the synapse

A

presynaptic neuron

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45
Q

the neuron transmitting the electrical signal away from the synapse

A

postsynaptic neuron

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46
Q

consist of gap junctions like those found between certain
other body cells

A

Electrical Synapses

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47
Q

Electrical Synapses contain protein channels, called

A

connexons

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48
Q

intimately connect the cytoplasm of adjacent neurons and allow ions and small molecules to flow directly from one neuron to the next

A

connexons

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49
Q

transmission across these synapses is very rapid

A

Electrical Synapses

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50
Q

In Electrical Synapses communication may be

A

unidirectional or bidirectional

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51
Q

communication may be unidirectional or bidirectional

A

Electrical Synapses

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52
Q

Found in regions of the brain responsible for certain stereotyped movements

A

Electrical Synapses

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53
Q

Electrical Synapses are found in regions of the brain responsible for certain stereotyped movements such as

A

normal jerky movements of the eyes

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54
Q

a brain region intimately involved in emotions and memory

A

hippocampus

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55
Q

also occur in axoaxonal synapses in the hippocampus, a
brain region intimately involved in emotions and memory.

A

Electrical Synapses

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56
Q

Allow the flow of ions between neurons

A

Chemical Synapses

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57
Q

Specialized to allow the release and reception of chemical
neurotransmitters

A

Chemical Synapses

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58
Q

Two parts of chemical synapse:

A

a. axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron
b. neurotransmitter receptor region

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59
Q

Classification of Neurotransmitters by Function:

A
  1. Effects: Excitatory Versus Inhibitory
  2. Actions: Direct Versus Indirect
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60
Q

are those that bind to and open ion channels

A

Direct Neurotransmitters

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61
Q

These neurotransmitters provoke rapid responses
in postsynaptic cells by altering membrane potential

A

Direct Neurotransmitters

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62
Q

promote broader, longer-lasting effects by acting through
intracellular second messenger molecules, typically via G protein pathway

A

Indirect Neurotransmitters

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63
Q

Indirect Neurotransmitters promote broader, longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular __________________________ molecules, typically via G protein pathway

A

second messenger

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64
Q

promote broader, longer-lasting effects by acting through
intracellular second messenger molecules, typically via _____________________________

A

G protein pathway

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65
Q

Examples of Indirect Neurotransmitters

A

biogenic amines, neuropeptides, and dissolved Gases

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66
Q

the input travels along one pathway to a specific destination

A

Serial processing

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67
Q

the input travels along several different pathways to be integrated in different CNS regions

A

Parallel processing

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68
Q

the whole system works in a predictable all-or-nothing
manner

A

Serial processing

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69
Q

examples of serial processing are

A

spinal reflexes

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70
Q

In Serial processing, the whole system works in a predictable

A

all-or-nothing manner

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71
Q

Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli, in which a particular stimulus always causes the same response.

A

Serial processing

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72
Q

Reflexes occur over neural pathways called

A

reflex arcs

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73
Q

five essential components of reflex arcs

A
  • receptor
  • sensory neuron
  • Integration center
  • Motor neuron
  • effector
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74
Q

inputs are segregated into many pathways, and different parts of the neural circuitry deal simultaneously with the information delivered by each pathway.

A

Parallel processing

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75
Q

Parallel processing is

A

Not repetitious

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76
Q

is the ability to retain and recall information

A

Memory

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77
Q

Types of Memory:

A
  • Sensory Memory (Working memory)
  • Short-term Memory
  • Long-term Memory
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78
Q

Memories are stored throughout the

A

cerebral cortex

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79
Q

Memories are stored throughout the cerebral cortex in pathways known as ________________

A

memory traces

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80
Q

one of the main areas in recalling long-term memory

A

hippocampus

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81
Q

shortest-term element of memory

A

working memory

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82
Q

is the ability to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.

A

working memory

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83
Q

A cognitive system that holds and processes information

A

working memory

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84
Q

working memory involves

A

frontal lobes

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85
Q

Can hold only 7-12 pieces of information at a time

A

Short term Memory

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86
Q

Memory disappear unless an effort, such as repetition is
made, to put them into a more permanent .

A

Short term Memory

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87
Q

In short-term meory, memory disappear unless an effort, such as _____________ is made, to put them into a more permanent .

A

repetition

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88
Q

Capable of holding vast amounts of information

A

Long Term Memory

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89
Q

The processing of information that converts short-term memory into long-term memory is known as

A

consolidation

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90
Q

can take varying period of time from seconds to minutes

A

Long Term Memory

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91
Q

Islands of gray matter buried deep within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres

A

Basal nuclei

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92
Q

regulate voluntary motor activities by modifying
instructions (particularly in relation to starting or stopping movement) sent to the skeletal muscles by the primary motor cortex

A

Basal nuclei

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93
Q

“emotional visceral brain” found in hypothalamus

A

LIMBIC SYSTEM

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94
Q

Limbic System evokes

A

thirst, appetite, sex, pain, and pleasure

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95
Q

Limbic system is the ______________________________ found in hypothalamus

A

“emotional visceral brain”

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96
Q

Limbic system is the “emotional visceral brain” found in

A

hypothalamus

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97
Q

Parts of Limbic system especially important in emotions:

A
  • amygdala
  • cingulate gyrus
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98
Q

deals with memory and anger, danger, and fear responses; helps to access memories

A

amygdala

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99
Q

plays a role in expressing emotions via gestures, and resolves mental conflict

A

cingulate gyrus

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100
Q

Puts emotional responses to odors – e.g., skunks smell bad

A

cingulate gyrus

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101
Q

large, cauliflower-like

A

CEREBELLUM

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102
Q

projects dorsally from under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum

A

CEREBELLUM

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103
Q

has two hemispheres and a convoluted surface

A

CEREBELLUM

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104
Q

CEREBELLUM has

A

two hemispheres and a convoluted surface

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105
Q

provides the precise timing for skeletal muscle activity and controls our balance and equilibrium

A

CEREBELLUM

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106
Q

Responsible for smooth and coordinated muscle movement

A

CEREBELLUM

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107
Q

Plays its role less well when it is sedated by alcohol

A

CEREBELLUM

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108
Q

Homeostatic imbalance of Cerebellum: movements become clumsy and disorganized a condition called

A

ataxia

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109
Q

Protection of the Central Nervous System

A
  • Cerebrospinal fluid
  • Blood brain barrier
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110
Q

Types of Meninges

A
  • dura mater
  • arachnoid
  • pia mater
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111
Q

Double-layered external covering

A

dura mater

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112
Q

attached to surface of the skull

A

periosteum

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113
Q

outer covering of the brain

A

Meningeal layer

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114
Q

Folds inward in several areas

A

Dura mater

115
Q
  • Middle layer (meninx)
  • Web-like
A

Arachnoid layer

116
Q
  • Internal layer
  • Clings to the surface of the brain
A

Pia mater

117
Q

is between Arachnoid and Pia mater

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

118
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid is between

A

Arachnoid and Pia mater

119
Q

contains more Na+, Cl-, and H+ than does blood plasma, and less Ca2+ and K+

A

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

120
Q

Cerebrospinal Fluid is continually formed by the

A

choroid plexus

121
Q

Formed by the choroid plexus

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

122
Q

Forms a watery cushion to protect the brain

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

123
Q

Circulated in arachnoid space, ventricles, and central canal of the spinal cord

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

124
Q

(2) in each hemisphere

A

lateral ventricles

125
Q

in slit between thalamic halves

A

third ventricle

126
Q

between brain stem and cerebellum

A

fourth ventricle

127
Q

channel between lateral -> 3rd ventricle

A

Foramen of Monro

128
Q

channel between 3rd ventricle -> 4th ventricle

A

cerebral aqueduct

129
Q

4th ventricle -> other spaces

A

median & lateral apertures -

130
Q

Clusters of capillaries that form tissue fluid filters, which hang from the roof of each ventricle

A

Choroid Plexuses

131
Q

Have ion pumps that allow them to alter ion concentrations of the CSF

A

Choroid Plexuses

132
Q

Help cleanse CSF by removing wastes

A

Choroid Plexuses

133
Q

The brain and spinal cord are covered and protected by
three connective tissue membranes called

A

meninges

134
Q

Nerves and ganglia outside the central nervous system

A

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

135
Q

bundle of neuron fibers

A

Nerve

136
Q

are bundled by connective tissue

A

Neuron fibers

137
Q

Endoneurium surrounds each fiber

A

Nerve

138
Q

Groups of fibers are bound into fascicles by

A

perineuriuma

139
Q

surrounds each nerve fiber

A

Endoneurium

140
Q

Fascicles are bound together by

A

epineurium

141
Q

Classification of Nerves

A
  • Mixed nerves
  • Afferent (sensory) nerves
  • Efferent (motor) nerves
142
Q

both sensory and motor fibers

A

Mixed nerves

143
Q

carry impulses toward the CNS

A

Afferent (sensory) nerves

144
Q

carry impulses away from the CNS

A

Efferent (motor) nerves

145
Q

12 pairs of nerves that mostly serve the head and neck

A

Cranial Nerves

146
Q

In Cranial Nerves, most are _____________, but three are
____________ only

A

mixed nerves; sensory

147
Q

sensory for smell

A

Olfactory nerve

148
Q

sensory for vision

A

Optic nerve

149
Q

motor fibers to eye muscles (III)

A

Oculomotor nerve

150
Q

motor fiber to eye muscles (IV)

A

Trochlear

151
Q

sensory for the face

A

Trigeminal nerve

152
Q

motor fibers to chewing muscles

A

Trigeminal nerve

153
Q

motor fibers to eye muscles (VI)

A

Abducens nerve

154
Q

sensory for taste

A

Facial nerve

155
Q

motor fibers to the face

A

Facial nerve

156
Q

sensory for balance and hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

157
Q

sensory for taste; motor fibers to the pharynx

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

158
Q

sensory and motor fibers for pharynx, larynx, and viscera

A

Vagus nerves

159
Q

motor fibers to neck and upper back

A

Accessory nerve

160
Q

motor fibers to tongue

A

Hypoglossal nerve

161
Q

Form the superior part of the brain and make up 83% of its mass

A

CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES

162
Q

ridges of the cortex

A

gyrus (gyri)

163
Q

groove or valley in the cortex

A

sulcus (sulci)

164
Q

long deeper groove

A

fissure

165
Q

Deep sulci divide the hemispheres into several lobes:

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, & occipital

166
Q

separates the frontal and parietal lobes

A

Central sulcus

167
Q

separates the parietal and occipital lobes

A

Parieto-occipital sulcus

168
Q

separates the parietal and temporal lobes

A

Lateral sulcus

169
Q

border the central sulcus

A

precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus

170
Q

superficial gray matter; accounts for 40% of the mass of the brain

A

cortex

171
Q

It enables sensation, communication, memory, understanding, and voluntary movements

A

CEREBRAL CORTEX

172
Q

Each hemisphere acts contralaterally (controls the
opposite side of the body)

A

CEREBRAL CORTEX

173
Q

controls the opposite side of the body

A

contralaterally

174
Q

The three types of functional areas of the cerebral cortex are:

A

– Motor areas
– Sensory areas
- Association areas

175
Q

control voluntary movement

A

Motor areas

176
Q

conscious awareness of sensation

A

Sensory areas

177
Q

integrate diverse information

A

Association areas

178
Q

Located in the precentral gyrus

A

Primary Motor Cortex

179
Q

Primary Motor Cortex is located in the

A

precentral gyrus

180
Q

Composed of pyramidal cells whose axons make up the corticospinal tracts

A

Primary Motor Cortex

181
Q

Allows conscious control of precise, skilled, voluntary movements

A

Primary Motor Cortex

182
Q

Controls learned, repetitious, or patterned motor skills

A

PREMOTOR CORTEX

183
Q

Coordinates simultaneous or sequential actions

A

PREMOTOR CORTEX

184
Q

Involved in the planning of movements

A

PREMOTOR CORTEX

185
Q

Sensory Areas

A
  • Primary somatosensory cortex
  • Somatosensory association cortex
  • Wernicke’s area
  • Visual areas
  • Auditory areas
186
Q

Located in the postcentral gyrus

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

187
Q

Receives information from the skin and skeletal muscles

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

188
Q

Exhibits spatial discrimination

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

189
Q

Integrates sensory information

A

Somatosensory Association Cortex

190
Q

Forms comprehensive understanding of the stimulus

A

Somatosensory Association Cortex

191
Q

Determines size, texture, and relationship of parts

A

Somatosensory Association Cortex

192
Q

Seen on the extreme posterior tip of the occipital lobe

A

Primary visual cortex

193
Q

Receives visual information from the retinas

A

Primary visual cortex

194
Q

Surrounds the primary visual cortex

A

Visual association area

195
Q

Interprets visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement)

A

Visual association area

196
Q

Located at the superior margin of the temporal lobe

A

Primary auditory cortex

197
Q

Receives information related to pitch, rhythm, and loudness

A

Primary auditory cortex

198
Q

Located posterior to the primary auditory cortex

A

Auditory association area

199
Q

Stores memories of sounds and permits perception of
sounds

A

Auditory association area

200
Q

ability sound out new words/sounds

A

Wernicke’s area

201
Q

Located in the anterior portion of the frontal lobe

A

Prefrontal Cortex

202
Q

Involved with intellect, cognition, recall, and personality

A

Prefrontal Cortex

203
Q

Necessary for judgment, reasoning, persistence, and conscience

A

Prefrontal Cortex

204
Q

closely linked to the limbic system (emotional part of the
brain)

A

Prefrontal Cortex

205
Q

Language Areas

A
  • Wernicke’s area
  • Broca’s area
206
Q

Located in a large area surrounding the left (or language dominant) lateral sulcus

A

Language Areas

207
Q

involved in sounding out unfamiliar words

A

Wernicke’s area

208
Q

speech preparation and production

A

Broca’s area

209
Q

Present in one hemisphere (usually the left)

A

Broca’s area

210
Q

A motor speech area that directs muscles of the tongue

A

Broca’s area

211
Q

Is active as one prepares to speak

A

Broca’s area

212
Q

each hemisphere has abilities not shared with its partner

A

Lateralization

213
Q

designates the hemisphere dominant for language

A

Cerebral dominance

214
Q

“controls” or involved in language, math, and logic

A

Left hemisphere

215
Q

“controls” or involved in visualspatial skills, emotion, and artistic skills

A

Right hemisphere

216
Q

Consists of deep myelinated fibers and their tracts

A

Cerebral White Matter

217
Q

It is responsible for communication between:
– The cerebral cortex and lower CNS center, and areas of the cerebrum

A

Cerebral White Matter

218
Q

Central core of the forebrain that encloses the third ventricle

A

Diencephalon

219
Q

Diencephalon consists of three paired structures:

A
  • thalamus
  • hypothalamus
  • epithalamus (w/ pineal gland)
220
Q

Paired, egg-shaped masses that form the superolateral walls of the third ventricle

A

Thalamus

221
Q

Thalamus Contains four groups of nuclei

A

anterior, ventral, dorsal, and posterior

222
Q

Afferent impulses from all senses converge and synapse in the

A

Thalamus

223
Q

All inputs ascending to the cerebral cortex pass through
the

A

Thalamus

224
Q

Plays a key role in mediating sensation, motor activities, cortical arousal, learning, and memory

A

Thalamus

225
Q

Located below the thalamus

A

Hypothalamus

226
Q

it caps the brainstem and forms the inferolateral walls of the third ventricle

A

Hypothalamus

227
Q

Small, paired nuclei bulging anteriorly from the hypothalamus

A

Mammillary bodies

228
Q

Relay station for olfactory pathways

A

Mammillary bodies

229
Q

stalk of the hypothalamus; connects to the pituitary gland

A

Infundibulum

230
Q

Main visceral control center of the body

A

Infundibulum

231
Q

Regulates blood pressure, rate and force of heartbeat, digestive tract motility, rate and depth of breathing, and many other visceral activities

A

Hypothalamus

232
Q

Is involved with perception of pleasure, fear, and rage

A

Hypothalamus

233
Q

Controls mechanisms needed to maintain normal body temperature

A

Hypothalamus

234
Q

Regulates feelings of hunger and satiety

A

Hypothalamus

235
Q

Regulates sleep and the sleep cycle

A

Hypothalamus

236
Q

Most dorsal portion of the diencephalon; forms roof of the
third ventricle

A

Epithalamus

237
Q

extends from the posterior border and secretes melatonin

A

Pineal Gland

238
Q

a hormone involved with sleep regulation, sleep-wake cycles, and mood

A

Pineal Gland

239
Q

Brain Stem Consists of three regions:

A
  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • medulla oblongata
240
Q

Similar to spinal cord but contains embedded nuclei

A

Brain Stem

241
Q

Controls automatic behaviors necessary for survival

A

Brain Stem

242
Q

Provides the pathway for tracts between higher and lower brain centers

A

Brain Stem

243
Q

Associated with 10 of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves

A

Brain Stem

244
Q

Located between the diencephalon and the pons

A

Midbrain

245
Q

Midbrain structures include:

A
  • Cerebral peduncles
  • Cerebral aqueduct –
  • Various Nuclei
246
Q

two bulging structures that contain descending pyramidal motor tracts from the cortex

A

Cerebral peduncles

247
Q

hollow tube that connects the third and fourth ventricles

A

Cerebral aqueduct

248
Q

Midbrain Nuclei includes:

A
  • Corpora quadrigemina
  • Superior colliculi
  • Inferior colliculi
  • Substantia nigra
249
Q

four domelike protrusions of the dorsal midbrain

A

Corpora quadrigemina

250
Q

visual reflex centers

A

Superior colliculi

251
Q

auditory relay centers

A

Inferior colliculi

252
Q

functionally linked to basal nuclei

A

Substantia nigra

253
Q

area affected by Parkinson’s disease

A

Substantia nigra

254
Q

Bulging brainstem region between the midbrain and the
medulla oblongata

A

Pons

255
Q

Contains nuclei of the reticular formation which is
involved in general arousal of the brain

A

Pons

256
Q

Fibers of the pons:

A
  • Connect higher brain centers and the spinal cord
  • Relay impulses between the motor cortex and the
    cerebellum
257
Q

Three paired fiber tracts that connect the cerebellum to the
brain stem

A

Cerebellar Peduncles

258
Q

All fibers in the cerebellum are

A

ipsilateral (same side)

259
Q

3 Cerebellar Peduncles

A
  • Superior peduncles
  • Middle peduncles
  • Inferior peduncles
260
Q

connect the cerebellum to the midbrain

A

Superior peduncles

261
Q

connect the pons to the cerebellum

A

Middle peduncles

262
Q

connect the medulla to the cerebellum

A

Inferior peduncles

263
Q

Most inferior part of the brain stem

A

Medulla Oblongata

264
Q

Medulla Oblongata has two major tracts of nerve fibers with motor info:h

A
  • Pyramids
  • Decussation of the pyramids
265
Q

two longitudinal ridges formed by corticospinal tracts

A

Pyramids

266
Q

crossover points to other side of spinal cord for the corticospinal tracts

A

Decussation of the pyramids

267
Q

Medulla Nuclei

A
  • Inferior olivary nuclei
  • Vestibular nuclear complex
  • Ascending sensory tract nuclei (nucleus cuneatus and
    nucleus gracilis)
  • Cardiovascular control center
  • Respiratory centers
268
Q

gray matter that relays sensory information

A

Inferior olivary nuclei

269
Q

synapses that mediate and maintain equilibrium

A

Vestibular nuclear complex

270
Q

adjusts force and rate of heart contraction

A

Cardiovascular control center

271
Q

control rate and depth of breathing

A

Respiratory centers

272
Q

Located dorsal to the pons and medulla

A

Cerebellum

273
Q

rotrudes under the occipital lobes of the cerebrum

A

Cerebellum

274
Q

Makes up 11% of the brain’s mass

A

Cerebellum

275
Q

Provides precise timing and appropriate patterns of skeletal
muscle contraction

A

Cerebellum

276
Q

Cerebellar activity occurs

A

subconsciously

277
Q

receives impulses of the intent to initiate voluntary muscle contraction

A

Cerebellum

278
Q

“inform” the cerebellum of the body’s condition

A

Proprioceptors and visual signals

279
Q

calculates the best way to perform a movement

A

Cerebellar cortex

280
Q

A “blueprint” of coordinated movement is sent to the

A

cerebral motor cortex

281
Q

impulse generating and conducting region

A

axon

282
Q

myelin sheath gap

A

node of ranvier

283
Q

secretory region

A

axon terminals

Anatomy and Physiology - Lecture (5 decks)

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