Nervous system Flashcards
central nervous system
central nervous system , or
CNS, is made up of the brain and spinal
cord, which has the roles of
coordination and decision-making
The body’s nervous system has three
part
autonomic nervous system, or ANS
The peripheral nervous system
central nervous system , or
CNS,
The peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system, or
PNS, comprises 12 pairs of nerves from
the brain and 31 pairs from the cord.
NEURON STRUCTURE
a typical neuron has
a main cell body with a nucleus. But a
neuron also has long, wirelike processes
that connect the neuron to others, allowing
messages to be passed at junctions called
synapses.
Dendrites
receive messages from
other neurons, or from nervelike cells in
sense organs, and conduct them toward
the cell body of the neuron. Dendrites tend to be short and have
many branches
The axon
conveys messages away from the cell body,
to other neurons or to muscle or gland
cells.
glial cells.
Neurons in the brain and spinal cord are
protected and nurtured by supporting
nerve cells known
TYPES OF NEURON
Neurons can be
unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar
UNIPOLAR NEURON
A single short process, an axon,
extends from the nerve cell body
and splits into two.
BIPOLAR NEURON
The nerve cell body is located
between two processes—an
axon and a dendrite
The afferent division of the nervous system functions in:
Sensory input
A neuron that transmits nerve impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands and other organs is a(n) ______ neuron.
Sensory neuron
The thalamus
The thalamus sits on top of the brainstem,
and is shaped like two eggs placed side
by side. It lies almost at the “heart” of the
brain, and acts as a major relay station that
monitors and processes incoming
information before this is sent to the
upper regions of the brain.
