nervous system

Question 1

sensory receptors monitor numerous external and internal stimuli

Answer 1

Receiving Sensory Input

Question 2

brain and spinal cord are the major organs for processing sensory input and initiating responses

Answer 2

Integrating Information

Question 3

by controlling skeletal muscles, nervous system controls major movement of the body

Answer 3

Controlling Muscle and Glands

Question 4

maintained by regulating other systems

Answer 4

Maintaining Homeostasis

Question 5

thoughts and actions

Answer 5

Establishing and maintaining mental activity

Question 6

brain and spinal cord, encased in bone (skull and vertebra), processes integrates, stores and responds to information from the PNS, and storage of the memory

Answer 6

Central Nervous System

Question 7

all nervous tissue outside CNS, including nerves and ganglia (cranial nerves), consists of sensory receptors and nerves, and the communication link

Answer 7

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 8

transmits action potentials from sensory receptors to the CNS

Answer 8

Sensory Division

Question 9

carries action potentials away from the CNS in cranial or spinal nerves (output)

Answer 9

Motor Division

Question 10

like ATP, which is the source of energy, electrical type of reaction that produces stimulus that goes to the brain

Answer 10

Action Potential

Question 11

innervates skeletal muscle

Answer 11

Somatic Nervous System

Question 12

innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands (three subdivisions)

Answer 12

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 13

most active during physical activity (fight or flight division)

Answer 13

Sympathetic Division

Question 14

regulates resting functions (rest and digest division), what makes heartrate goes down

Answer 14

Parasympathetic Division

Question 15

controls the digestive system

Answer 15

Enteric Nervous System

Question 16

excitable cells that transmit electrical signals, receive stimuli

Answer 16

Neurons

Question 17

non-neural cells “helper cells” that surround neurons, each neuron has 6-60 of?

Answer 17

Neuroglia or Glial Cells

Question 18

type of glial cells in the PNS, play crucial roles in the maintenance and regeneration of the motor and sensory neurons

Answer 18

Schwann Cells

Question 19

many dendrites single axon

Answer 19

Multipolar

Question 20

one dendrite, one axon

Answer 20

Bipolar

Question 21

single process extending from the cell body

Answer 21

Pseudounipolar

Question 22

is the primary site of protein synthesis

Answer 22

Cell Body (Soma)

Question 23

short branched cytoplasmic extensions of the cell body that usually conduct electric signals toward the cell body

Answer 23

Dendrites

Question 24

a cytoplasmic extension of the cell body that transmits action potentials to other cells

Answer 24

Axon

Question 25

rare branches if present is called?

Answer 25

Collateral Axons

Question 26

branched terminus of axon (10,000 or more)

Answer 26

Presynaptic Terminal

Question 27

junction between a nerve cell and another cell, connects to another dendrite

Answer 27

Synapse

Question 28

clears excess neurotransmitters, stabilizing and regulating the blood brain barrier, and promoting synapse formation

Answer 28

Astrocytes

Question 29

small, ovoid cells with spiny processes

Answer 29

Microglial

Question 30

that monitor the health of neurons

Answer 30

Phagocytes

Question 31

range in shape from squamous to columnar and many are ciliated, they line the ventricles of the brain

Answer 31

Ependymal Cells

Question 32

form myelin sheaths around the axons of several CNS neurons

Answer 32

Oligodendrites

Question 33

support and nourish neuron cell bodies within ganglia

Answer 33

Satellite Cells

Question 34

form a myelin sheath around part of the axon of PNS neuron

Answer 34

Schwann Cells

Question 35

the plasma membrane of Schwann Cells or Oligodendrocytes repeatedly wraps around a segment of an axon to form the myelin sheath

Answer 35

Myelinated Axons

Question 36

protect the axon, electrically insulate fibers from one another

Answer 36

Myelin

Question 37

gaps in the myelin sheath

Answer 37

Node of Ranvier

Question 38

rest in invaginations of Schwann Cells (PNS) or Oligodendrocytes (CNS)

Answer 38

Unmyelinated Axons

Question 39

consists of myelinated axons, propagates action potentials

Answer 39

White matter

Question 40

collections of neuron cell bodies or unmyelinated axons

Answer 40

Gray Matter

Question 41

produces by cells are called “action potentials”

Answer 41

Electric Signals

Question 42

moves ions by active transport

Answer 42

Na+K pump