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Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the CNS

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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2
Q

What makes up the PNS

A

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, plexuses, and peripheral nerves

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3
Q

What is a plexus

A

a large network of cells in the PNS

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4
Q

Sensory (afferent) Nerves

A

Carry messages TOWARDS the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

Motor (efferent) Nerves

A

Travel FROM the spinal cord and brain to the muscles of the body

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6
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

carries impulses away from the CNS to the glands, heart, blood vessels, and involuntary muscles.

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7
Q

Sympathetic nervous System

A

Stimulates the body in times of stress

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8
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Counter acts the sympathetic nervous system and calms the body down

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9
Q

Optic Nerve

A

Vision

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10
Q

Olfactory Nerve

A

Smell

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11
Q

Oculomotor

A

Moves the eyeball

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12
Q

Trochlear

A

Eye muscles / eyelids

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13
Q

Abducens

A

One specific eye movement

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14
Q

Facial Nerves

A

Face and scalp movement ; taste ; Ear sensation

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15
Q

Glossopharyngeal

A

Tongue sensations ; throat movement

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16
Q

Hypoglossal

A

Speech ; Swallowing

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17
Q

Accessory Nerves

A

Swallowing ; Head and shoulder movement

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18
Q

Vagus

A

Blood pressure ; heart rate ; coughing ; sneezing

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19
Q

Vestibuloccochlear

A

Hearing and Balance

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20
Q

Trigeminal

A

Forehead and scalp sensation ; Cheek sensation ; chewing

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21
Q

Neuron

A

An individual nerve cell

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22
Q

What does the myelin sheath do

A

Insulates the axon

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23
Q

What do the dendrites do

A

Receives impulses

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24
Q

What does the cell body of a neuron do

A

Contains the nucleus

25
What does the Axon do
Carries impulse away from the cell body
26
Terminal End Fibers
Where the impulse leaves
27
Synapse
Space where impulse goes from one neuron to another
28
Parietal lobe
body sensations, visual and spatial perceptions
29
Occipital Lobe
Vision
30
Wernicke area
Language comprehension
31
Temporal Lobe
hearing, understanding, speech, language
32
Broca Area
language expression
33
Frontal Lobe
thought processes, behavior, personality, emotion
34
Gyri (convolutions)
A ridge on the surface of the brain
35
Sulci (Fissures)
Grooves on the surface of the brain
36
Ventricles
Large open structures in the brain that hold cerebrospinal fluid
37
Cerebrum
Largest part of your brain ; “thinking area”
38
Cerebellum
Coordination of voluntary movements and balance
39
cerebral cortex
Sheets of nerves on the surface of the cerebrum
40
Cerebrospinal fluid
protects brain and spinal cord by acting like a cushion
41
Thalamus
relay station for sensory impulses ; control of awareness and consciousness
42
Hypothalamus
Body temp, sleep, appetite, emotions, control of the pituitary.
43
pons and midbrain
Connection of nerve & nerve fiber pathways including those to the eyes and face
44
medulla oblongata
nerve fibers cross over, left to right to the left ; contains centers to regulate the heart, blood vessels and respiratory system.
45
Brain stem
posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord ; includes midbrain, medulla and pons.
46
Dura mater
Thick outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord
47
Meninges
three protective layers that surround the brain and spinal cord
48
Pia mater
Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
49
Stroma
connective and supporting tissue of an organ. Glial cells make up the stromal tissues of the brain
50
Hydrocephalus
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain
51
Epilepsy
Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity
52
Tourette’s Syndrome (TS)
involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, inappropriate words ; tics
53
CVA
Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain ; stroke
54
ALS
Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem
55
Myasthenia Gravis
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles
56
Meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges
57
Spina Bifida
Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts
58
Concussion
When the brain is bumped against the skull due to impact to the head

Human Body Stuctures (3 decks)

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