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Honors Body Systems & Disorders > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the nervous system

A

1) detect and interpret sensory information
2) Integration of stimuli
3) Response to stimulus - by movement or secretion of glands

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2
Q

Central Nervous system is made up of

A

the brain and spinal cord

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3
Q

The central nervous system sends a ___ signal

A

A motor/efferent signal to PNS

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4
Q

The Peripheral Nervous system is made up of

A

parts of the nervous system other than the brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

The PNS sends a ____ signal

A

a sensory/afferent signal to CNS

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6
Q

Sensory receptors are picked up by the

A

PNS

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7
Q

The PNS can have two responses at first, which are

A

the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system

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8
Q

The autonomic system is made up of what

A

signals go to cardiac and smooth muscles and glands

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9
Q

The somatic system is made up of

A

skeletal muscles

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10
Q

The autonomic system can then have two other responses, which are

A

Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems

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11
Q

The parasympathetic is are signals that

A

go to involuntary functions

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12
Q

Sympatheic signals

A

make your body go on high alert

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13
Q

Neurons

A

transmit nerve impulses

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14
Q

Neuroglia

A

AKA: glial cells, support + protect the neurons

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15
Q

Sensory neurons

A

send impulses toward CNS (afferent)

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16
Q

Motor neurons

A

send impulses away from CNS (efferent)

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17
Q

4 anatomic regions of the brain

A

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brainstem, and Cerebellum

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18
Q

Cerebrum is the…

A

largest part of the brain

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19
Q

the cerebrum is covered in

A

ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci), patterns are similar but not identical

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20
Q

Fissures

A

like gyro but little indents in brain

21
Q

Outer surface of the cerebrum is the what

A

the cerebral cortex, which is the thinking/ processing surface

22
Q

2 hemispheres (left and right)

A

the corpus callosum attaches the brain

23
Q

Divided into 4 lobes

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal

24
Q

what is the function of the frontal lobe

A

the frontal lobe allows voluntary movement, intellectual function and reasoning, + containing speech (towards left side)

25
Q

what is the function of the parietal lobe

A

sensory processing (skin and taste)

26
Q

what is the function of the occipital lobe

A

vision

27
Q

what is the function go the temporal lobe

A

hearing, memory, and emotions

28
Q

Where is the diencephalon located and what other name is it called for that reason?

A

AKA: interbrain, located deep inside the brain, it is enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres

29
Q

The Diencephalon contains what important structures?

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, and the pineal gland

30
Q

the thalamus…

A

sorts/directs signal to the appropriate region of the brain

31
Q

the hypothalamus…

A

controls the autonomic system
-regulates endocrine system, blood pressure, thirst, hunger, and body temperature

32
Q

the pineal gland…

A

regulates sleep-cycle hormones

33
Q

the brain stem is made up of what 3 different parts

A

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

34
Q

the pons takes role in what

A

breathing

35
Q

the medulla oblongata takes role in what

A

regulating the heart rate

36
Q

the brainstem maintains

A

vital life functions

37
Q

the brainstem also controls…

A

reflexive actions such as hearing, sight, vomiting, sneezing, and coughing

38
Q

Where is the cerebellum located

A

below the occipital lobe

39
Q

what is the cerebellum’s important role

A

shows importance in coordinating body movements and balance, well developed in athletic individuals

40
Q

What is the meninges

A

the protective covering over the CNS (brain)

41
Q

the meninges have 3 layers, which are

A

dura mater (outer), arachnoid mater (middle), Pia mater (inner)

42
Q

Dura mater is

A

tough

43
Q

Arachnoid mater is

A

web like tissue with cerebral spinal fluid in the space below

44
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid..

A

cushions/absorbs shock and provides nutrients to CNS

45
Q

pia mater is

A

thin, very delicate layer but attaches to very surface of CNS and follows all grooves and ridges

46
Q

where is the spinal cord located

A

extends from brain stem to the beginning of the lumbar region of the spine, is surrounded and protected by meninges and CSF

47
Q

Spinal cord functions

A

1) pathway to conduct impulses (deliver messages) between brain and body
2) connections for reflex arcs

48
Q

Dorsal root of spinal cord =

A

sensory

49
Q

Ventral root of spinal cord =

A

motor

Honors Body Systems & Disorders (4 decks)

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