Nervous system

Question 1

Bacteria meningitis-3 types

Answer 1

1)Neisseria meningitidis
2)Strep pneumoniae
3) Listeria moncytogenes

Question 2

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 2

spread via dorms and close living quarters. virulence factors: fimbriae, capsule, LOS (has lipid A)

Question 3

Strep pneumoniae

Answer 3

most common form in adults. intracellular

Question 4

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 4

a problem for the immunocompromised, pregnant, and elderly. contracted from eating contaminated food

Question 5

Leprosy-2 types

Answer 5

1)tuberculoid
2)lepromatous

Question 6

Leprosy organism

Answer 6

Mycobacterium leprae

Question 7

Tuberculoid leprosy

Answer 7

strong cell-mediated immune response. rash

Question 8

Lepromatous leprosy

Answer 8

most severe. weak cell mediated immune response. resides in cold spots of the body causing skin deformaties.

Question 9

Mycobacterium leprae

Answer 9

intracellular

Question 10

neurological component of leprosy

Answer 10

when infected nerve cells are killed, it leads to nerve damage

Question 11

Viral meningitis

Answer 11

more common and less severe. enteroviruses. transmitted via fecal matter

Question 12

Rabies

Answer 12

virus. results in hydrophobia, seizures, hallucinations, paralysis. occurs when bite or scratched by infected animal. antivenom for treatment

Question 13

3 types of botulism

Answer 13

1) foodborne-contaminated food
2)infants-spores in honey
3) wound-spores enter wound

Question 14

botulism organism

Answer 14

Clostridium botulinum

Question 15

what does the botulism toxic do?

Answer 15

it blocks the ends of neurons, preventing muscle cells from receiving a signal to contract. muscles remain relaxed.

Question 16

tetanus organism

Answer 16

clostridium tetani

Question 17

what does the tetanus toxin do?

Answer 17

it prevents muscles from relaxing

Question 18

treatment for tetanus

Answer 18

it’s slow moving so you can administer the vaccine

Question 19

Fungal meningitis

Answer 19

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 20

how does one contract fungal meningitis?

Answer 20

inhalation of spores

Question 21

who is at risk for fungal meningitis

Answer 21

AIDS and transplant patients whose immune systems are weakened

Question 22

African Sleeping Sickness organism

Answer 22

Trypansoma brucei

Question 23

African Sleeping Sickness stages

Answer 23

1) bite site turns into lesion
2) parasite is in blood: lymph node swelling
3)invade CNS: brain swelling

Question 24

African Sleeping Sickness tsetse fly cycle

Answer 24

1) noninfective protozoa matures in tsetse fly
2) fly bites human and protozoa is transferred
3)carried thro blood and it replicates
4)they invade CNS or are ingested by another fly
5)reproduce in fly to noninfectious form

Question 25

Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (VCJ) organism

Answer 25

abnormal PrP

Question 26

VCJ symptoms

Answer 26

insomnia, memory failure, spongiform. medical procedures can spread this bc hand sanitizer can’t kill it.

Question 27

Trachoma organism

Answer 27

Chlamydia trachomatics

Question 28

Trachoma symptoms

Answer 28

swollen eyelid scratches eye leading to blindness