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Anatomy And Physiology 2 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

A nerve fiber; conducts an impulse away from a neuron cell body.

A

Axon

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2
Q

Nerve cell that has many processed arising from it’s body

A

Multipolar

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3
Q

Neuron conducts an impulse from as receptor to the CNS

A

Sensory Neuron

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4
Q

Neuron that conducts impulses from the CNS to an effector

A

Motor Neuron

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5
Q

Type of neuralgia that surrounds an axon of a peripheral neuron, forming the neural Emma and myelin

A

Schwann Cell

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6
Q

Glia in the PNS that support neurons in ganglia

A

Satellite Cells

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7
Q

Type of neuralgia CNS that produces myelin

A

Oligodendrocytes

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8
Q

Specialized cells of the nervous system that produce myelin, maintain the ionic environment, provide growth factors that support neurons, provide structural support, and play a role in cell-to-cell communication.

A

Neuroglia

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9
Q

Neuroglia of the CNS that support neurons and phagocytize bacteria and cellular debris.

A

Microglia

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10
Q

Sequence of electrical changes in part of a nerve cell of muscle cell exposed to a stimulus that exceed threshold.

A

Action Potential

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11
Q

Impulse conductions along a myelinated axon that seems to jump from one node to the next.

A

Saltatory conduction

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12
Q

Lipid material that forms a sheath like covering around some axons.

A

Myelin Sheath

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13
Q

Any of the many gaps in the myelin sheath along axons of neurons of the PNS.

A

Nodes of Ranvier

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14
Q

Functional connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite or cell body of another neuron or the membrane of another cell type.

A

Synapse

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15
Q

Biological messenger molecules that convey neural information.

A

Neurotransmitters

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16
Q

The meaning of the prefix bi-, is

A

2

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17
Q

The master regulatory system that sends and receives information is the _______ system

A

Nervous

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18
Q

Which division of the nervous system is comprised of the brain and the spinal cord?

A

CNS

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19
Q

This ion is important during depolarization

A

Sodium

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20
Q

What is it called when the cell returns to the resting state?

A

Repolarization

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21
Q

During repolarization, potassium channels do what?

A

Open

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22
Q

Motor neurons in the spinal cord are in the ventral _______

A

Horn

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23
Q

During hyperpolarization, potassium moves _______ out of the cell.

A

Out

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24
Q

What is the general support cell for the CNS?

A

Astrocyte

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25
Q

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and pia mater, are what?

A

Meninges

26
Q

Action potentials do not change in size, they are _____ ______ _____.

A

All or none

27
Q

What changes in a cell charge that is proportional to stimulus?

A

Myelin

28
Q

This is formed by the fusion of dorsal and ventral roots.

A

Spinal Nerve

29
Q

Known as the nervous system output.

A

Motor

30
Q

Enters the axon terminal during depolarization.

A

Calcium

31
Q

These cells line CNS cavities.

A

Ependymal

32
Q

Cells, which sends, receives, and processes information.

A

Neurons

33
Q

Runs up and down the spinal cord.

A

Column

34
Q

Makes myeline for PNS

A

Schwann Cell

35
Q

Collection of Neurons outside PNS

A

Ganglion

36
Q

The phrenic nerves projects from the ______ spinal cord.

A

Cervical

37
Q

What is the lower back called?

A

Lumbar

38
Q

What are the 2 groups in the nervous system called?

A

Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

39
Q

The CNS is composed of what?

A

Brain and Spinal cord

40
Q

The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by membranes called?

A

Meninges

41
Q

The tough, most outer layer of the meninges is called

A

Dura Mater

42
Q

The middle layer of the meninges that has a spider web like extension is called

A

Arachnoid Mater

43
Q

Delicate innermost layer of the meninges is called

A

Pai Mater

44
Q

The space above the Dura Mater is called

A

Epidural

45
Q

The space below the Dura Mater is called

A

Sub-Dural

46
Q

The space beneath the Arachnoid Mater is called

A

Sub-Arachnoid

47
Q

The space filled with fluid that cushions and supports the CNS is called

A

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

48
Q

What are the 2 groups of cells that compose the Nervous Tissue?

A

Glial cells and Nerurons

49
Q

What cells support the Nervous Tissue?

A

Glial cells

50
Q

Cells that send and receive messages to carry out all of the control functions of the nervous system.

A

Neurons

51
Q

What receives signals to the Neuron?

A

Dendrites

52
Q

What sends signals to the Neuron?

A

Axon

53
Q

The tiny spaces between cells are called

A

Synapse

54
Q

Generates on electric signal

A

Action Potential

55
Q

The Action Potential travel to the…

A

Axon Terminal

56
Q

The Axon Terminal releases a chemical called

A

Neurotransmitters

57
Q

The Axon is insulated by a fatty coating called a

A

Myelin

58
Q

What Glail cell provide protection and support?

A

Astrocytes

59
Q

What Glial cell remove debris?

A

Microglial

60
Q

What Glial cell produce myeline in the CNS?

A

Olgiodendrocytes

61
Q

What glial cells produce myelin in the PNS?

A

Schwann Cells

Anatomy And Physiology 2 (4 decks)

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