Nervous system 1 Flashcards
Nervous system made of what 2 main divisions?
Central and peripheral
Describe the four axis of an animal and then of a human head
Dorsal is up
Ventral is down
Rostral is the face
Claudal is the back end
Ventral could be inferior or anterior.
Dorsal could be superior or posterior
CNS is what?
Brain and spinal cord
PNS is what?
Nerves connecting the central nervous system to the body.
What are the three meninges of the brain?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Where is the subarachnoid space?
Between the arachnoid and pia
Where is Cerebro spinal fluid found?
Subarachnoid space is filled with CSF
Where is the CSF produced? and where is it found?
CSF is produced by the specialised vascular tissue called choroid plexus. It is inside the brain and surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
What are the glial cells that provide insulation to nerve axons in the CNS and in PNS?
In the CNS its ogliodendrocytes.
In the PNS are Schwann cells.
Lipid bilayers of ogliodendrocyte cell membrane that forms this insulation in the axonal bundles give the appearance of what?
White matter
What is the insulation around the axon called?
Myelin sheath
Myelin sheath provides what?
Increased speed of the nerve impulse
In peripheral nerves, axons act together in what way?
The axons and nerve fibres in the PNS cluster together to form nerves
Describe the structure of a nerve, starting from the nerve fibre and the layers coating them
Nerve fibre > Endoneurium coats this nerve fibre > bundles of nerve fibres are coated by the perineurium > bundles of the perineuriums are coated by the epineurium which is the overall nerve
Name the 4 sections of the spinal cord and the segment number of each
Cervical 8, Thoracic 12, Lumbar 5, Sacral 5
Coccyx makes up the last nerve
