nervous + endocrine system (AO1 only) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the nervous system and what does it do?

A
  • Our primary internal communication system
  • Collects processes and responds to information in the environment
  • Co-ordinates the working of organs and cells in the body
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2
Q

What are the two types of NS?

A
  • central nervous system (CNS)
  • peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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3
Q

What is the CNS made up of and what does it do?

A
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • The spinal cord is an extension of the brain. It is responsible for reflex actions e.g. pulling your hand away from a hot plate.
  • The CNS passes messages to and from the brain and also to and from the PNS.
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4
Q

What does the PNS do?

A

Transmits messages via millions of neurons to and from the CNS.

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5
Q

What is the PNS made up of?

A
  • Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
  • Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
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6
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system (ANS) do?

A

controls vital bodily responses e.g. stress response

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7
Q

what does the somatic nervous system (SNS) do?

A

controls muscle movement (voluntary movement) and receives info from sensory receptors.

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8
Q

What is the endocrine system made up of?

A

hormones and glands

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9
Q

What does the endocrine system do? + examples

A
  • Key in homeostasis/regulation of bodily functions
  • Hormones are chemicals produced by endocrine glands (e.g. the pituitary gland, the ovaries, the testes).
  • Ovaries produce oestrogen to regulate the menstrual cycle
  • Testes produce testosterone - male sexual behaviour and aggression
  • In response to a direct signal from the brain, hormones are secreted into our systems from our endocrine glands via the bloodstream.
  • The endocrine system acts much more slowly than the nervous system but has very widespread and powerful effects.
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10
Q

How does the ANS and endocrine system work together? (what is the fight or flight response)? (sympathetic response)

A
  • When a stressor is detected by the hypothalamus, a rapid response is executed by your body.
  • The hypothalamus activates the sympathetic branch (in sympathy with your fear) of your ANS.
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11
Q

What is the order of the fight or flight response? (sympathetic response)

A
  1. hypothalamus
  2. adrenal medulla
  3. adrenaline/noradrenaline
  4. bodily organs
  5. increased HR, BR (oxygen), BP, pupils dilate, digestion stops
  6. fight or flight (sympathetic response)
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12
Q

What happens once the threat is passed?

A
  • the parasympathetic response returns the body to its normal state
  • BR, BP, HR all normalise
  • Pupils go back to normal
  • Digestion resumes
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