Nervous Conditions / Week 5 Flashcards
Nervous System Structural Classification:
A. Central Nervous System
- Cortex
- Cerebellum
- Brain Stem
- Spinal Cord
B Peripheral Nervous System
- Spinal nerve Roots
- Other nerves throughout body
Function: To control, coordinate, regulate all body processes.
Neurons: Basic functional units of NS. They receive, interpret, and respond to external stimuli. Connections can change over time
Nervous System Functional Classification
A. Autonomic
-Sympathetic NS
-Fight or Flight
-Short term stress response
-Parasympathetic NS
-Digestion
-Immune Function
-Hormone production
B. Somatic
-Voluntary motion
Traumatic Brain Injury
Etiology: Head injuries that may be 1° due to mechanical forces that cause damage OR 2° complications of 1° injuries
S/S: Varies from mild cognitive impairment to severe dysfunction. Survivors may be emotionally volatile to aggressive
Massage Considerations: Work closely w medical team. Massage indicated for muscle function and general calming.
TBI Primary Injuries
-Skull fracture (Direct blow)
-Penetrating injury (Gunshot, knife)
-Concussion (Any temporary loss of brain function. Most common TBI)
-Contusion (Bruising inside the cranium)
-Diffuse axonal injury (Internal tearing of brain’s nerve tissue. MVA or shaken baby syndrome.)
TBI Secondary Injuries
-Anoxic brain injury (from complete lack of oxygen to brain)
-Hyponix brain injury (inadequate supply of oxygen)
-Hemorrhage (bleeding inside brain)
-Hematoma (large amount of coagulated blood pressing outside or within brain)
-Intracranial pressure (2° inflammatory response following a TBI)
Spinal Cord Injury
Etiology: Spinal Cord fibers are damaged or severed, due to trauma, or a tumor.
S/S: Loss of function, flaccid, or spastic paralysis, sensory loss.
Massage Considerations:
Indicated for pain relief, forestall muscle tightness, maintain dexterity, and maintain postural strength.
