Nerves of the Upper Limb

Question 1

The ____ provides somatomotor and somatosensory innervation to the upper extremity

Answer 1

brachial plexus

Question 2

The brachial plexus arises from the ______ of the spinal cord.

Answer 2

cervical enlargement

Question 3

Brachial plexus is formed by the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve roots ____ (at what levels)

Answer 3

C5-T1.

Question 4

The spinal nerve roots of brachial plexus emerge from the _____ of cervical vertebrae and pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscles(interscalene space) of the neck.

Answer 4

intervertebral foramina

Question 5

The spinal nerve roots of brachial plexus emerge from intervertebral foramina the of cervical vertebrae and pass between the _________ muscles(interscalene space) of the neck.

Answer 5

anterior and middle scalene

Question 6

The brachial plexus is made up of the _______ of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves (C5 –T1)

Answer 6

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) RAMI

Question 7

____ runs posterior to the anterior scalene muscle within the interscalene space

Answer 7

Subclavian artery

Question 8

____ runs anterior to anterior scalene

Answer 8

Subclavian vein

Question 9

portions of the brachial plexus (trunks) emerge posterolateral to the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the lateral neck region, in an area called the ______ through the interscalene space at the level of the ______ of the layrnx

Answer 9

posterior triangle; cricoid cartilage

Question 10

The brachial plexus maintains an anatomical relationship with vascular structures emerging from the root of the neck (subclavian a. and v.) as it travels _____ to the omohyoid muscle and the clavicle on its way into the axilla.

Answer 10

posterior

Question 11

____ is used for anesthesia of the brachial plexus

Answer 11

interscalene block

Question 12

A common complication in interscalene block is partial anesthesia of _____ (muscle) by the ____ nerve

Answer 12

diaphragm; phrenic

Question 13

____ vein and it’s tributaries also seem to “entangle” themselves with the various branches of the brachial plexus.

Answer 13

axillary vein

Question 14

As the brachial plexus travels posterior to the clavicle, it enters the axillary region and travels ___ to the pectoralis minor m.

Answer 14

posterior

Question 15

Brachial plexus Forms an intimate relationship with the _____ artery such that the artery itself runs in the middle of the plexus, surrounded by the cords and terminal branch

Answer 15

axillary a.

Question 16

As the brachial plexus runs into the axilla, along with the axillary a. and v., it is surrounded in this neurovascular bundle by the ______.

Answer 16

axillary sheath

Question 17

What are the contents of the axillary sheath?

Answer 17

axillary artery, vein, and brachial plexus

Question 18

area of cutaneous sensory innervation supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Answer 18

Dermatome

Question 19

Supraclavicular and upper shoulder region is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 19

C4

Question 20

Upper lateral arm and shoulder is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 20

C5

Question 21

Posteriolateral arm and lateral forearm is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 21

C6

Question 22

Middle of forearm and hand is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 22

C7

Question 23

Posteriomedial forearm and medial hand is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 23

C8

Question 24

Medial arm is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 24

T1

Question 25

Axillary region is under the ____ sensory dermatome

Answer 25

T2-T5

Question 26

____ refers to a group of muscles that receive motor innervation from a single spinal nerve

Answer 26

myotome

Question 27

Shoulder elevation is under the ____ myotome

Answer 27

C4

Question 28

shoulder abduction; elbow flexion is under the ____ myotome

Answer 28

C5

Question 29

Elbow flexion;wrist extension is under the ____ myotome

Answer 29

C6

Question 30

Elbow extension; wrist flexion is under the ____ myotome

Answer 30

C7

Question 31

Thumb and finger extension is under the ____ myotome

Answer 31

C8

Question 32

Intrinsic hand muscles is under the ____ myotome

Answer 32

T1

Question 33

Intercostal muscles is under the ____ myotome

Answer 33

T2

Question 34

Each of the trunks of the brachial plexus has an _____ and _____ division

Answer 34

anterior and a posterior

Question 35

____ nerve comes off lateral cord in anterior compartment of arm (flexors of elbow joint)

Answer 35

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 36

______ and _____ intermuscular septa divide the anterior and posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 36

medial and lateral intermuscular septa

Question 37

____ nerve is in posterior compartment of arm (extensors of elbow joint)

Answer 37

radial nerve

Question 38

superficial branch of ___ nerve provides cutaneous innervation in distal forearm and back of hand

Answer 38

raidal nerve

Question 39

What 2 nerves run in anterior compartment of forearm?

Answer 39

ulnar and medial nerve

Question 40

What nerve runs in posterior compartment of forearm?

Answer 40

Radial nerve

Question 41

T/F: The shoulder (pectoral girdle) region is innervated by nerves that come directly from the roots, trunks, or cords of the brachial plexus (mostly).

Answer 41

True

Question 42

The _____ region is innervated by the nerves from the medial cord (cutaneous), the musculocutaneous n.(anterior) and the radial n.(posterior)

Answer 42

arm (brachial)

Question 43

The ______ region is innervated by a branch from the medial cord (cutaneous), the median and ulnar nerves (anterior) and the radial n.(posterior)

Answer 43

forearm (antebrachial)

Question 44

The _____ receives all motor innervation from the median and ulnar nerves, and sensation from median, ulnar and radial nerves.

Answer 44

hand

Question 45

T/F: Radial nerve innervates intrinsic hand muscles

Answer 45

False: does not innervate any intrinsic hand muscles

Question 46

The ___ region of brachial plexus includes the roots and trunks

Answer 46

supraclavicular

Question 47

The ___ region of brachial plexus includes the division, cords, and branches

Answer 47

infraclavicular

Question 48

How many spinal nerve roots are there in brachial plexus?

Answer 48

5

Question 49

How many named nerves branch off of spinal nerve root?

Answer 49

2

Question 50

What are the named nerves that branch off of spinal nerve root?

Answer 50

Dorsal scapular n (C5) and Long thoracic n. (C5-C7)

Question 51

How many trunks are there in brachial plexus?

Answer 51

3

Question 52

How many named nerves branch off of brachial plexus trunks? Which trunk?

Answer 52

2; superior trunk

Question 53

What nerves branch off of superior trunk?

Answer 53

Suprascapular n and N to subclavius

Question 54

How many cords are there in brachial plexus?

Answer 54

3

Question 55

How many named nerves are there that branch off of cords of brachial plexus

Answer 55

7

Question 56

What nerves comes off of lateral cord?

Answer 56

Lateral pectoral nerve

Question 57

What nerves comes off of posterior cord?

Answer 57

upper subscapular, lower subscapular, and thoracodorsal

Question 58

What nerves come off of medial cord?

Answer 58

Medial pectoral n, medial brachial cutaneous n, medial antebrachial cutaneous n

Question 59

How many terminal branches are there on brachial plexus?

Answer 59

6

Question 60

What terminal branch comes off of lateral cord only?

Answer 60

musculocutaneous

Question 61

What terminal branch comes off of lateral and medial cord?

Answer 61

median

Question 62

What terminal branch comes off of medial cord only?

Answer 62

Ulnar

Question 63

What terminal branches come off of posterior cord?

Answer 63

radial and axillary

Question 64

Results from excessive, forceful increase in angle between neck and shoulder•Most common obstetric brachial plexopathy•Can also occur in adults from a fall onto the shoulder

Answer 64

Erb's palsey

Question 65

Erb's Palsey is a lesion to what part of brachial plexus?

Answer 65

Superior trunk

Question 66

Improper use of crutches can compress and injure the _____ nerve in the axilla

Answer 66

radial nerve

Question 67

Which terminal branch is supplied by C5-C7?

Answer 67

Musculocutaneous n

Question 68

Which terminal branch is supplied by C5 and C6?

Answer 68

Axillary n

Question 69

Which 2 terminal branch is supplied by C5-T1?

Answer 69

Radial n and Median N

Question 70

Which terminal branch is supplied by C7-T1?

Answer 70

Ulnar n

Question 71

What nerves make up superior trunk?

Answer 71

C5 and C6

Question 72

Which nerves make up middle trunk?

Answer 72

C7

Question 73

Which nerves make up lower trunk?

Answer 73

C8 and T1

Question 74

What nerve is compressed along the midshaft of humerus in certain positions and can be affected in humeral fracture at midshaft?

Answer 74

Radial n

Question 75

Injuries to the ____ nerve are seen in fracture to surgical neck of humerus, anterior dislocation of glenohumeral joint, and rotator cuff repair surgery

Answer 75

axillary n

Question 76

___ nerve provides innervation to serratus anterior muscles

Answer 76

long thoracic n

Question 77

Injuries to the ___ n is caused by penetrating wound to axillary region and surgical removal of axillary lymph node

Answer 77

long thoracic n.

Question 78

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as cannot raise arms above 90O•“winged scapula”

Answer 78

long thoracic n

Question 79

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Numbness in posterior deltoid region•Difficulty abducting arm•Diminished lateral rotation of arm•Deltoid muscle wasting (prolonged injury)

Answer 79

axillary n

Question 80

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Difficulty extending the wrist•Difficulty extending or straightening the fingers and opening the hand•Triceps retains strength because nerve fibers entering this muscle branch off proximal to the mid shaft of the humerus•Also causes “wrist drop” posture

Answer 80

radial n

Question 81

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Weakness when trying to push something away with arm•Difficulty extending the wrist•Difficulty extending the fingers and opening the hand•“wrist drop” posture

Answer 81

radial n.

Question 82

Injuries to the ____ trunk of brachial plexus presents as Arm will be adducted•Arm will be internally (medially) rotated at the elbow•There will be pronation •There will be extensionThis describes the “waiter’s tip”position of the affected upper limb.

Answer 82

superior trunk