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Polymer Chemistry > Nerves of the Upper Limb > Flashcards

Nerves of the Upper Limb Flashcards

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1
Q

The ____ provides somatomotor and somatosensory innervation to the upper extremity

A

brachial plexus

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2
Q

The brachial plexus arises from the ______ of the spinal cord.

A

cervical enlargement

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3
Q

Brachial plexus is formed by the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerve roots ____ (at what levels)

A

C5-T1.

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4
Q

The spinal nerve roots of brachial plexus emerge from the _____ of cervical vertebrae and pass between the anterior and middle scalene muscles(interscalene space) of the neck.

A

intervertebral foramina

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5
Q

The spinal nerve roots of brachial plexus emerge from intervertebral foramina the of cervical vertebrae and pass between the _________ muscles(interscalene space) of the neck.

A

anterior and middle scalene

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6
Q

The brachial plexus is made up of the _______ of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves (C5 –T1)

A

ANTERIOR (VENTRAL) RAMI

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7
Q

____ runs posterior to the anterior scalene muscle within the interscalene space

A

Subclavian artery

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8
Q

____ runs anterior to anterior scalene

A

Subclavian vein

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9
Q

portions of the brachial plexus (trunks) emerge posterolateral to the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the lateral neck region, in an area called the ______ through the interscalene space at the level of the ______ of the layrnx

A

posterior triangle; cricoid cartilage

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10
Q

The brachial plexus maintains an anatomical relationship with vascular structures emerging from the root of the neck (subclavian a. and v.) as it travels _____ to the omohyoid muscle and the clavicle on its way into the axilla.

A

posterior

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11
Q

____ is used for anesthesia of the brachial plexus

A

interscalene block

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12
Q

A common complication in interscalene block is partial anesthesia of _____ (muscle) by the ____ nerve

A

diaphragm; phrenic

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13
Q

____ vein and it’s tributaries also seem to “entangle” themselves with the various branches of the brachial plexus.

A

axillary vein

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14
Q

As the brachial plexus travels posterior to the clavicle, it enters the axillary region and travels ___ to the pectoralis minor m.

A

posterior

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15
Q

Brachial plexus Forms an intimate relationship with the _____ artery such that the artery itself runs in the middle of the plexus, surrounded by the cords and terminal branch

A

axillary a.

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16
Q

As the brachial plexus runs into the axilla, along with the axillary a. and v., it is surrounded in this neurovascular bundle by the ______.

A

axillary sheath

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17
Q

What are the contents of the axillary sheath?

A

axillary artery, vein, and brachial plexus

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18
Q

area of cutaneous sensory innervation supplied by a single spinal nerve.

A

Dermatome

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19
Q

Supraclavicular and upper shoulder region is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

C4

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20
Q

Upper lateral arm and shoulder is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

C5

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21
Q

Posteriolateral arm and lateral forearm is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

C6

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22
Q

Middle of forearm and hand is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

C7

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23
Q

Posteriomedial forearm and medial hand is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

C8

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24
Q

Medial arm is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

T1

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25
Q

Axillary region is under the ____ sensory dermatome

A

T2-T5

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26
Q

____ refers to a group of muscles that receive motor innervation from a single spinal nerve

A

myotome

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27
Q

Shoulder elevation is under the ____ myotome

A

C4

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28
Q

shoulder abduction; elbow flexion is under the ____ myotome

A

C5

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29
Q

Elbow flexion;wrist extension is under the ____ myotome

A

C6

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30
Q

Elbow extension; wrist flexion is under the ____ myotome

A

C7

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31
Q

Thumb and finger extension is under the ____ myotome

A

C8

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32
Q

Intrinsic hand muscles is under the ____ myotome

A

T1

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33
Q

Intercostal muscles is under the ____ myotome

A

T2

34
Q

Each of the trunks of the brachial plexus has an _____ and _____ division

A

anterior and a posterior

35
Q

____ nerve comes off lateral cord in anterior compartment of arm (flexors of elbow joint)

A

musculocutaneous nerve

36
Q

______ and _____ intermuscular septa divide the anterior and posterior compartment of the arm

A

medial and lateral intermuscular septa

37
Q

____ nerve is in posterior compartment of arm (extensors of elbow joint)

A

radial nerve

38
Q

superficial branch of ___ nerve provides cutaneous innervation in distal forearm and back of hand

A

raidal nerve

39
Q

What 2 nerves run in anterior compartment of forearm?

A

ulnar and medial nerve

40
Q

What nerve runs in posterior compartment of forearm?

A

Radial nerve

41
Q

T/F: The shoulder (pectoral girdle) region is innervated by nerves that come directly from the roots, trunks, or cords of the brachial plexus (mostly).

A

True

42
Q

The _____ region is innervated by the nerves from the medial cord (cutaneous), the musculocutaneous n.(anterior) and the radial n.(posterior)

A

arm (brachial)

43
Q

The ______ region is innervated by a branch from the medial cord (cutaneous), the median and ulnar nerves (anterior) and the radial n.(posterior)

A

forearm (antebrachial)

44
Q

The _____ receives all motor innervation from the median and ulnar nerves, and sensation from median, ulnar and radial nerves.

A

hand

45
Q

T/F: Radial nerve innervates intrinsic hand muscles

A

False: does not innervate any intrinsic hand muscles

46
Q

The ___ region of brachial plexus includes the roots and trunks

A

supraclavicular

47
Q

The ___ region of brachial plexus includes the division, cords, and branches

A

infraclavicular

48
Q

How many spinal nerve roots are there in brachial plexus?

A

5

49
Q

How many named nerves branch off of spinal nerve root?

A

2

50
Q

What are the named nerves that branch off of spinal nerve root?

A

Dorsal scapular n (C5) and Long thoracic n. (C5-C7)

51
Q

How many trunks are there in brachial plexus?

A

3

52
Q

How many named nerves branch off of brachial plexus trunks? Which trunk?

A

2; superior trunk

53
Q

What nerves branch off of superior trunk?

A

Suprascapular n and N to subclavius

54
Q

How many cords are there in brachial plexus?

A

3

55
Q

How many named nerves are there that branch off of cords of brachial plexus

A

7

56
Q

What nerves comes off of lateral cord?

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

57
Q

What nerves comes off of posterior cord?

A

upper subscapular, lower subscapular, and thoracodorsal

58
Q

What nerves come off of medial cord?

A

Medial pectoral n, medial brachial cutaneous n, medial antebrachial cutaneous n

59
Q

How many terminal branches are there on brachial plexus?

A

6

60
Q

What terminal branch comes off of lateral cord only?

A

musculocutaneous

61
Q

What terminal branch comes off of lateral and medial cord?

A

median

62
Q

What terminal branch comes off of medial cord only?

A

Ulnar

63
Q

What terminal branches come off of posterior cord?

A

radial and axillary

64
Q

Results from excessive, forceful increase in angle between neck and shoulder•Most common obstetric brachial plexopathy•Can also occur in adults from a fall onto the shoulder

A

Erb’s palsey

65
Q

Erb’s Palsey is a lesion to what part of brachial plexus?

A

Superior trunk

66
Q

Improper use of crutches can compress and injure the _____ nerve in the axilla

A

radial nerve

67
Q

Which terminal branch is supplied by C5-C7?

A

Musculocutaneous n

68
Q

Which terminal branch is supplied by C5 and C6?

A

Axillary n

69
Q

Which 2 terminal branch is supplied by C5-T1?

A

Radial n and Median N

70
Q

Which terminal branch is supplied by C7-T1?

A

Ulnar n

71
Q

What nerves make up superior trunk?

A

C5 and C6

72
Q

Which nerves make up middle trunk?

A

C7

73
Q

Which nerves make up lower trunk?

A

C8 and T1

74
Q

What nerve is compressed along the midshaft of humerus in certain positions and can be affected in humeral fracture at midshaft?

A

Radial n

75
Q

Injuries to the ____ nerve are seen in fracture to surgical neck of humerus, anterior dislocation of glenohumeral joint, and rotator cuff repair surgery

A

axillary n

76
Q

___ nerve provides innervation to serratus anterior muscles

A

long thoracic n

77
Q

Injuries to the ___ n is caused by penetrating wound to axillary region and surgical removal of axillary lymph node

A

long thoracic n.

78
Q

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as cannot raise arms above 90O•“winged scapula”

A

long thoracic n

79
Q

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Numbness in posterior deltoid region•Difficulty abducting arm•Diminished lateral rotation of arm•Deltoid muscle wasting (prolonged injury)

A

axillary n

80
Q

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Difficulty extending the wrist•Difficulty extending or straightening the fingers and opening the hand•Triceps retains strength because nerve fibers entering this muscle branch off proximal to the mid shaft of the humerus•Also causes “wrist drop” posture

A

radial n

81
Q

Injuries to the ___ nerve present as Weakness when trying to push something away with arm•Difficulty extending the wrist•Difficulty extending the fingers and opening the hand•“wrist drop” posture

A

radial n.

82
Q

Injuries to the ____ trunk of brachial plexus presents as Arm will be adducted•Arm will be internally (medially) rotated at the elbow•There will be pronation •There will be extensionThis describes the “waiter’s tip”position of the affected upper limb.

A

superior trunk

Polymer Chemistry (5 decks)

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