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Plantar Surface of the Foot > Nerves and Arteries of the Plantar Foot > Flashcards

Nerves and Arteries of the Plantar Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest of the terminal branches of the tibial nerve?

A

medial plantar nerve

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2
Q

the medial plantar nerve passes from its origin under the flexor retinaculum to a position deep to what structure?

A

abductor hallucis

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3
Q

what innervates flexor hallucis brevis?

A

medial plantar nerve: 1st proper plantar digital nerve

also has sensory to medial side of the 1st digit

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4
Q

medial plantar nerve supplies motor branches to what muscles?

A

abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
felxor hallucis brevis
1st lumbrical

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5
Q

the medial plantar nerve gives off what branches?

A

3 common plantar digital nerves

that divide into 2 proper digital nerves to serve interspaces 1-3

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6
Q

what gives off the 1st proper plantar digital nerve? what gives off 10th proper plantar digital nerve?

A

1st- directly off teh medial plantar nerve

10th- from lateral plantar nerve

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7
Q

the 1st common plantar digital nerve divides into what?

A

2nd and 3rd proper plantar digital nerves

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8
Q

what is the smaller branch of the tibial nerve?

A

lateral plantar nerve

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9
Q

the lateral plantar nerve passes anteriorly to the lateral side fo the foot, between which structures?

A

flexor digitorum brevis and quadratus plantae

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10
Q

the lateral plantar nerve divides into superficial and dep branches between what structures?

A

flexor digitorum brevis and abductor digiti minimi

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11
Q

the superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve provides what branches to the foot?

A

-proper plantar digital nerve to the skin of the lateral surface of the 5th digit (aka 10th proper plantar digital)
AND the 4th common plantar digital nerve
AND muscular branches to flexor digiti minimi brevis and the 2 interossei of 4th intermetatarsal space

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12
Q

Name where each of the proper plantar digital nerves come from.

A

1st- from medial plantar n.
2&3- from 1st common plantar digital (from medial plantar n.)
4&5- from 2nd common plantar digital (from m. plantar n.)
6&7-from 3rd common plantar digital (from m. plantar n.)
8&9- from 4th common plantar digital (from lateral plantar n.)
10- from lateral plantar n.

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13
Q

where does the 4th common plantar digital n. arise from?

A

superficial branch of lateral plantar n.

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14
Q

the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve sneds muscular branches to where?

A

lumbricals 2-4
adductor hallucis
all the interossei (except those in the 4th met space which is supplied by superifcial branch)

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15
Q

what is the terminal branch of the popliteal artery?

A

posterior tibial artery

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16
Q

describe the course of the popliteal artery.

A

passes deep to the soleus muscle, descending obliquely through the leg towards the medial side

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17
Q

what are the terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

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18
Q

which branches of the posterior tibial artery supply the ankle and foot?

A
  1. peroneal
  2. posterior medial malleolar
  3. medial calcaneal
  4. artery of the tarsal canal
  5. medial plantar
  6. lateral plantar
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19
Q

the peroneal artery divides into 2 branches, what are they?

A

perforating branch and posterior branch

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20
Q

what does the perforating branch of the peroneal artery anastomose with?

A

anterior lateral malleolar branch of the anterior tibial artery

21
Q

the posterior branch of the peroneal artery terminates by giving rise to what arteries?

A

posterior lateral malleolar and lateral calcaneal arteries

22
Q

which is larger/smaller of the terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A

medial plantar artery is smaller

but recall that medial plantar NERVE is larger than lateral plantar n.

23
Q

Where does the medial plantar artery arise ?

A

deep to the flexor retinaculum between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus

24
Q

the proximal part of the medial plantar artery is located deep to what structure?

A

abductor hallucis muscle

25
Q

the medial plantar artery gives off small muscular branches to what muscle?

A

abductor hallucis muscle

26
Q

when does medial plantar artery give off its superficial an deep branch?

A

after crossing the tendon of FDL

27
Q

what are the 2 terminal branches of the superficial branch of the medial plantar artery?

A

superficial tibial plantar artery

common plantar digital artery

28
Q

which artery gives rise to the superficial plantar arch?

A

common plantar digital artery (from superficial branch of medial plantar a.)

29
Q

The superficial tibial plantar artery can anastomose with what? or continue along the medial side as what?

A

can anastomose with the 1st plantar metatarsal artery or continue distally along the medial side of the 1st toe as the 1st proper plantar digital artery

30
Q

where does the 1st proper plantar digital artery arise from?

A

superficial tibial plantar artery

31
Q

the superficial plantar arch gives off what branches?

A

3 superficial plantar digital arteries

32
Q

where do the superficial plantar digital arteries terminate?

A

anastomose with the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd plantar metatarsal arteries of the deep plantar arch

33
Q

what does the superficial arch anastomose with to complete it laterally?

A

superficial branch of the lateral plantar artery

34
Q

what is the ramus profundus?

A

deep branch of the medial plantar artery

35
Q

the ramus profundus divides into what branches?

A

tibial and lateral branch

36
Q

what does the tibial branch anastomose with?

A

tibial branch travels along the medial side of the foot until the 1st metatarsal bone where it anastomoses with the 1st plantar metatarsal artery

37
Q

the 1st plantar metatarsal artery receives anastomoses from what 3 structures?

A
  1. tibial branch (of lateral br. of ramus profundus)
  2. superficial plantar digital
  3. possibly the superficial tibial plantar
38
Q

where does the lateral branch of ramus profundus anastomose with?

A

medial side of the deep plantar arch

39
Q

where does the lateral plantar artery divide into a lateral and medial branch?

A

close to the base of the 5th met

40
Q

what is the lateral branch of the lateral plantar artery called?

A

superficial fibular plantar artery

41
Q

the superficial fibular plantar artery becomes what?

A

10th proper plantar digital artery

42
Q

recall what artery becomes the 1st & 10th proper plantar digital artery?

A

1st –> from superficial tibial plantar artery

10th –> from superficial fibular plantar artery

43
Q

what artery gives rise to the deep plantar arch?

A

medial branch of the lateral plantar artery

44
Q

the deep plantar arch is completed by anastomosis with what?

A

deep plantar branch of DP artery

and lateral branch of the ramus profundus of medial plantar artery

45
Q

which perforating artereis are branches of the deep plantar arch?

A 
3 posterior (proximal) perforating arteries
*note that there is no posterior perforating artery in the 1st interosseous space because the deep plantar artery DP takes its place
46
Q

how many plantar metatarsal arteries are there? where do they come from?

A

4 plantar metatarsal arteries - come from deep plantar arch

47
Q

how many distal (anterior) perforating arteires are there? where do they come from?

A

4 distal (anterior) perforating arteries- come from the plantar metatarsal arteries

48
Q

the plantar metatarsal arteries divide into what?

A

2nd-9th proper plantar digital arteries

think about where the 1st and 10th proper plantar digital arteries come from!

Plantar Surface of the Foot (2 decks)

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